Brain regions

Question 1

Medulla Oblongata origin

Answer 1

embryonic myelencephalon

Question 2

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 2

-begins at magnum foramen of skull
-continuous with spinal cord
-all nerve fibers pass through from spinal cord to brain

Question 3

Medulla Oblongata Functions

Answer 3

1. vasomotor
   2.cardiac
2. respiratory
3. reflex center
   -coughing, sneezing, gagging, ect

Question 4

Medulla Cranial Nerves

Answer 4

VIII, IX, X, XII

Question 5

Pons

Answer 5

anterior bulge in brainstem

Question 6

Pons origin

Answer 6

develops from metencephalon

Question 7

Pons Functions

Answer 7

Sensory roles: hearing, equilibrium, taste, facial sensations
Motor roles: eye movement, facial expressions, chewing, swallowing, urination, and secretion of saliva and tears

Question 8

Pons Cranial Nerves

Answer 8

V, VI, VII, VIII

Question 9

Mid Brain

Answer 9

-Connects forebrain to hindbrain

-Tectum, Corpora Quadrigemina, Cerebral Peduncles

Question 10

Midbrain Origin

Answer 10

embryonic mesencephalon

Question 11

Corpora Quadrigemina

Answer 11

superior colliculi- visual attention, tracking movment, some reflexes

inferior colliculi- relays signals from inner ear to thalamus

Question 12

Cerebral Peduncles

Answer 12

-two anterior stalks
-anchors cerebrum to brainstem
-each has three parts; tegmentum, substantia nigra, cerebral crus

Question 13

Tegmentum

Answer 13

connects to and from cerebellum for motor control

Question 14

substantia nigra

Answer 14

suppresses unwanted body movement

Question 15

Cerebral crus

Answer 15

-connects cerebrum to pons
-carries sorticospinal tract

Question 16

The Reticular Formation

Answer 16

loose web of grey matter that runs vertically through all levels of the brainstem

Question 17

Reticular Formation Function

Answer 17

-Somatic motor control: balance, posture, motor coordination, Gaze center, patter generator for breathing and swallowing
-cardiovascular
-pain modulation
-sleep and consciousness
-habituation

Question 18

Cerebellum Functions

Answer 18

-Motor Control
-Spatial Perception
-Time Keeping
-Hearing
-Planning/ Scheduling

Question 19

Parts fo the Diencephalon

Answer 19

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus

Question 20

Thalamus Functions

Answer 20

-motor control
-memory and emotional functions

Question 21

Hypothalamus

Answer 21

forms wall and floor of thrid ventricle

Question 22

Hypothalamus functions

Answer 22

-control center of ANS and endocrine system
-homeostatic regulation
-hormone secretion
-thermoregulation
-hunger, satiety, and thirst
-Rhythm of sleeping and waking
-memory
-emotional and sexual repsonses

Question 23

Epithalamus

Answer 23

pineal gland secretes melatonin to regulate circadian rhythm

Question 24

Cerebrum

Answer 24

-Largest and most conspicuous part of human brain
-two hemispheres divied by longitudinal fissure
-connected by corpus callosum

Question 25

Frontal Lobe Functions

Answer 25

-Abstract thought -explicit memory -mood/emotional control -planning -voluntary motor control -speech production

Question 26

Parietal Lobe Functions

Answer 26

-Taste -Sensory Integration -visual processing -language processing -numerical awareness

Question 27

Occipital Lobe Functions

Answer 27

-Visual Awareness -Visual Proccessing

Question 28

Temporal Lobe Functions

Answer 28

-Hearing -Smell -Emotion -Learning -Memory -Language

Question 29

Insula Functions

Answer 29

-Pain -Taste -Conciousness -emotion/ empathy -cardivascular homeostasis

Question 30

The Limbic System

Answer 30

-center for emotion and LEARNING Cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala -gratification and aversion

Question 31

Basal Nuclei

Answer 31

masses of cerebral grey matter deep in the white matter, lateral to thalamus