Explain the steps of inhalation (use the acronym DECPAA)
- Diaphragm contracts
- External intercostal muscles contract
- Chest cavity increases in volume
- Pressure inside the lungs decreases
- Atmospheric pressure is higher than in the lungs
- Air flows from high to low pressure, into lungs
Explain the steps of exhalation (use the acronym DICPA)
- Diaphragm relaxes
- Internal intercostal muscles contract
- Chest cavity decreases in volume
- Pressure inside the lungs increases
- Air flows from high to low pressure, exit lungs
Put these terms in order to show the pathway of oxygen to the blood cell:
red blood cell, bronchioles, capillary wall, alveoli, nostril, epiglottis, pharynx, bronchus, trachea
Nostril -> Pharynx -> Epiglottis -> Trachea -> Bronchus -> Bronchioles -> Alveoli -> Capillary wall -> Red blood cell
Give the percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere in:
a) inhaled air
b) exhaled air
a) 21%
b) 17%
Give the percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in:
a) inhaled air
b) exhaled air
a) 0.04%
b) 4%
Why is there less oxygen in exhaled air vs inhaled air?
There is less oxygen because it is used up during respiration.
Why is the more carbon dioxide in exhaled air vs inhaled air?
There is more carbon dioxide because it is produced during respiration.
What sweeps bacteria out of the lungs?
Cilia cells
What traps bacteria and viruses in the lungs?
Mucus/phlegm
