N477 > Burns > Flashcards

Burns Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

Layers of the skin

A

Epidermis –> Dermis –> SubQ

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2
Q

Outer most layer, melanin

A

Epidermis

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3
Q

2nd layer, contains blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous

A

Dermis

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4
Q

Cushions body, insulation

A

SubQ (fatty tissue)

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5
Q
  • Inner zone with the greatest amount of damage
  • Irreversibly damaged cells that become necrotic from the direct injury
A

Coagulation zone

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6
Q
  • Medial zone that may recover
  • Damage to microcirculation
  • Clotting and vasoconstriction causing cells to be ischemic
A

Stasis/ischemia zone

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7
Q
  • Outer zone, unburned area
  • Increased tissue perfusion d/t local inflammatory mediator released
  • Blanches on pressure
  • Will heal
A

Hyperemia zone

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8
Q

Results from fluid shifts into the tissues

A

Hyponatremia

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9
Q

Increases in blood as it moves out of damaged cells and into the bloodstream

A

Hyperkalemia

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10
Q

What part of the skin is damaged in 1st degree/superficial burns?

A

Epidermal layer

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11
Q

What does a superficial burn look like?

A
  • Pink, red areas
  • Mild edema
  • No blisters
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12
Q

What sensation does a superficial burn have?

A
  • Pain, tender
  • Sensitive to heat
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13
Q

How long does it take for a superficial burn to heal?

A

3-6 days

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14
Q

What is the treatment for superficial burns?

A

OTC topical lotion with no dressings

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15
Q

What part of the skin is damaged in 2nd degree/partial thickness burns?

A

Entire epidermis and parts of the dermis

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16
Q

How does a 2nd degree/partial thickness burn look? (5)

A
  • Blisters
  • Pink to red
  • Weeping
  • Blanches with pressure
  • Mild to moderate edema
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17
Q

How does a 2nd degree/partial thickness feel like?

A

Pain to temperature and air

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18
Q

How long does it take for a 2nd degree/partial thickness burn to heal?

A

3 weeks

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19
Q

What is the treatment for 2nd degree/partial thickness burns?

Study These Flashcards
A

Cleaned with topical antibiotic

20
Q

What parts of the skin are damaged in 2nd degree/deep partial thickness burns?

Study These Flashcards
A

Entire epidermis and deep into the dermis

21
Q

How does a 2nd degree/deep partial thickness burn look like?(4)

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A
  • Wet/waxy dry
  • Patchy red to white
  • No blanching to pressure
  • Moderate edema
22
Q

What does a 2nd degree/deep partial thickness burn feel like?

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A
  • Painful
  • Sensitive to touch
23
Q

How long does it take for a 2nd degree/deep partial thickness burn take to heal

24
Q

What part of the skin is damaged in 3rd degree/full thickness burns?

Study These Flashcards
A

Entire epidermis and dermis and extending to subq fat

25
What does a 3rd degree/full thickness burn look like? (4)
- Various colors - waxy white, deep red, yellow, brown - Dry, leathery, charred - No blanching with pressure - Severe edema
26
What does a 3rd degree/full thickness burn feel like?
No pain or pain to deep pressure d/t nerve endings destroyed
27
How long does it take for 3rd degree/full thickness burns to heal?
weeks to months
28
What parts of the skin are damaged in 4th degree/deep full thickness burns?
All layers and extending into muscle, bone, and tendons
29
What does a 4th degree/deep full thickness burns look like?(3)
- Blackened, charred - Dry, leathery eschar - No edema
30
What does a 4th degree/deep full thickness burn feel like?
No pain
31
What is the time frame for the emergent phase of burn care?
Time of injury to 24-72 hours
32
What is the time frame for acute phase?
36-48 hours after fluid shift resolves and ending with wound closure
33
What is the time frame for the rehabilitative phase?
Begins with most burned areas healed and ends with the highest level of functioning
34
What is the fluid restoration protocol for burns?
1/2 the amount of fluids in 1st 8 hours and then the other half over the next 16 hours
35
Hgb levels in burns
Increased
36
Hct levels in burns
Increased
37
BUN levels in burns
Increased
38
Glucose levels in burns
Increased
39
Na levels in burns
Decreased
40
K levels in burns
Increased
41
Total protein levels in burns
Decreased
42
Albumin levels in burns
Decreased
43
pH levels
Low metabolic acidosis
44
PaO2 levels in burns
Slightly decreased
45
PaCO2 levels in burns
Slightly increased
46
Carboxyhemoglobin in burns
Elevated >10%
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