Burns

Question 0

Describe a Superficial Partial-Thickness Burn

Answer 0

• injury into the dermis, blood supply is reduced
• large blisters
• edema present
• mottled pink to red base & broken epidermis, w/wet,shiny, and weeping surface
• painful and sensitive to cold air
• heals in 10-21 days
• no scarring
• may require grafting

Question 1

Describe a Superficial-Thickness Burn

Answer 1

• Injury to epidermis
• Mild to severe erythema but no blisters
• skin blanches with pressure
• painful, tingling sensation, eased with cooling
• healing occurs in 3-6days
• no scarring occurs

Question 2

Describe a Deep Partial-Thickness Burn

Answer 2

• extends deep into skin dermis
• usually no blisters
• wound surface is red and dry with white areas in deeper parts
• edema present and may or may not blanch
• watch for ischemia, infection, or hypoxia: can convert to full thickness burns

Question 3

Describe a Full-Thickness Burn

Answer 3

• Injury and destruction of epidermis and dermis
• grafting may be required
• dry, hard, leathery eschar
• appears waxy white, deep red, yellow, brown, or black & a dry surface appearance
• sensation reduced or absent
• Healing may take weeks to months
• requires removal of eschar and split or full skin grafting
• scarring and wound contractures are likely

Question 4

Describe a Deep Full-Thickness Burn

Answer 4

• injury extends beyond the skin into the underlying fascia and tissues, and muscle, bone & tendons
• appears black & sensation is completely absent
• eschar is hard and inelastic
• no pain cause nerve endings are destroyed
• healing takes months and grafts are required

Question 5

Most common airway injury

Answer 5

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Question 6

What does carbon monoxide bind to in replace of Oxygen?

Answer 6

Hemoglobin

Question 7

Name the signs and symptoms of Carbon Monoxide poisoning and the treatment

Answer 7

Facial burns
Erythema 
Swelling of oropharynx and nasopharynx
Singed nasal hairs
Flaring nostrils
Strider, wheezing, Dyspnea 
Hoarse voice
Sooty sputum or cough
Tachycardia 
Agitation or Anxiety 

Treatment: 100% Oxygen

Question 8

What is the rule of nines for estimating burn percentage?

Answer 8

Head & Neck 9%

Trunk 18% posterior and 18% anterior

Each Arm 9%

Each Leg 18%

Genital 1%