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C Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of conflict?

A

A process where two people (or groups) want different things, and those things cannot happen at the same time

Conflict evolves and is not just an argument.

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2
Q

What type of conflict is known as substantive conflict?

A
  • Task conflict
  • Issue conflict
  • Cognitive conflict

It involves disagreements about work, facts, or content.

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3
Q

What is affective conflict also known as?

A
  • Relationship conflict
  • Emotional conflict
  • Psychological conflict

It is conflict about emotions and personal feelings.

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4
Q

What does process conflict refer to?

A

Conflict about how work should be done, not the work itself

It involves delegation, responsibilities, and deadlines.

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5
Q

What is an example of goal conflict?

A

When two people want different final results

For example, one manager wants cost reduction while another wants product quality improvement.

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6
Q

Define conflict of interests.

A

When someone benefits personally, conflicting with what they should be doing

Example: A manager hiring a friend instead of the best candidate.

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7
Q

What is conflict of values based on?

A
  • Ideology
  • Morals
  • Beliefs

It involves deep-seated differences that are hard to resolve.

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8
Q

What causes structural (institutionalized) conflict?

A

The organization itself

It can be horizontal (between departments) or vertical (between hierarchical levels).

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9
Q

Differentiate between realistic and nonrealistic conflict.

A
  • Realistic: Has rational content
  • Nonrealistic: Not about the real issue, but about releasing frustration

Nonrealistic conflict often stems from stress or tension.

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10
Q

What does misattributed conflict mean?

A

People blame the wrong cause for the conflict

Example: Believing a coworker hates you when they are just stressed.

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11
Q

What is displaced conflict?

A

When anger at one person is taken out on another

Example: An employee fights with family after being insulted by a boss.

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12
Q

What is the classical view of conflict?

A

Conflict is BAD and must be eliminated

This view sees conflict as harmful and reducing productivity.

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13
Q

What is the modern view of conflict?

A

Conflict is natural and can be good if managed well

Moderate conflict can lead to innovation and better solutions.

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14
Q

What are the five styles of conflict according to Rahim?

A
  • Integrating (Problem-solving)
  • Obliging (Accommodating)
  • Dominating (Competing)
  • Avoiding (Suppression)
  • Compromising

These styles are based on concern for self and concern for others.

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15
Q

What does the integrating style of conflict involve?

A

High concern for self and high concern for others

It aims for a solution that satisfies both parties.

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16
Q

What is the obliging style of conflict?

A

Low concern for self and high concern for others

It involves self-sacrifice to preserve relationships.

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17
Q

What does the dominating style of conflict mean?

A

High concern for self and low concern for others

It is characterized by a win-lose mentality.

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18
Q

What is the avoiding style of conflict?

A

Low concern for self and low concern for others

It involves withdrawing or ignoring the conflict.

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19
Q

What does the compromising style of conflict entail?

A

Middle concern for both parties

It involves giving up something from both sides.

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20
Q

What is intrapersonal conflict?

A

Conflict that happens in your mind

Example: Wanting to go to the gym but also wanting to sleep.

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21
Q

What are the types of intrapersonal conflict?

A
  • Approach–Approach
  • Approach–Avoidance
  • Avoidance–Avoidance

Each type reflects different internal struggles.

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22
Q

What is role conflict?

A

When organizational expectations clash with what you can/should do

It can involve conflicting demands from different sources.

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23
Q

What is role overload?

A

Too much work or too many roles

It can lead to stress and burnout.

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24
Q

What does role ambiguity mean?

A

Lack of clarity about what is expected from you

It increases stress and confusion.

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25
What is the **Prisoner’s Dilemma**?
A game theory conflict model involving cooperation vs self-interest ## Footnote Best for society: both stay silent; best individual strategy: confess.
26
What defines a **real group**?
* 2+ members * Stable structure * Interdependence * Interaction * Common goals ## Footnote If any of these are missing, it’s not a real group.
27
What are the types of **formal groups**?
* Task groups * Project groups ## Footnote Task groups are long-term, while project groups are temporary.
28
What is **active listening**?
* Focus on speaker * Remove distractions * Empathy * Listen for feelings * Ask clarification ## Footnote It involves understanding the meaning behind words.
29
What is **non-verbal communication**?
Body language + voice qualities ## Footnote Examples include gestures, facial expressions, and tone.
30
What does **proxemics** refer to?
Use of personal space ## Footnote Intimate distance is reserved for close people.
31
What is the **conflict management process**?
* Diagnosis * Measurement * Analysis * Intervention ## Footnote It involves understanding and addressing conflict situations.
32
What do **ROCI inventories** measure?
* ROCI-I: Amount of conflict * ROCI-II: Conflict handling styles ## Footnote ROCI-II is used when measuring styles.
33
What does the **inverted-U function** illustrate?
Relationship between amount of substantive conflict and job performance ## Footnote Moderate conflict leads to the best performance.
34
What causes **structural conflict**?
Differentiation between groups/levels ## Footnote Structural conflict arises from the differences in group structures or hierarchies.
35
What does **misattributed conflict** mean?
Incorrect assignment of the causes of conflict ## Footnote This occurs when the source of conflict is wrongly identified.
36
Displaced conflict occurs when frustration is directed toward a _______.
different target ## Footnote This type of conflict happens when the original source of frustration is not addressed.
37
What does **realistic conflict** refer to?
Rational content incompatibilities ## Footnote This type of conflict arises from tangible differences in interests or goals.
38
The **classical view of conflict** states that conflict should be _______.
eliminated/reduced ## Footnote This perspective views conflict as detrimental to organizational effectiveness.
39
The **modern view of conflict** states that conflict is _______.
legitimate and inevitable ## Footnote This view recognizes that conflict can be a natural part of organizational dynamics.
40
Too little conflict may lead to _______.
stagnation and groupthink ## Footnote A lack of conflict can hinder innovation and critical thinking.
41
Moderate conflict handled constructively leads to _______.
organizational effectiveness ## Footnote Constructive conflict can stimulate growth and improvement.
42
Which model includes **integrating, obliging, dominating, avoiding, compromising**?
Rahim model ## Footnote This model categorizes different conflict handling styles.
43
The **integrating style** means high concern for _______ and high concern for _______.
self, others ## Footnote This style seeks a win-win solution for all parties involved.
44
The **dominating style** means high concern for _______ and low concern for _______.
self, others ## Footnote This style prioritizes one's own needs over others'.
45
The **obliging style** is also called _______.
accommodating ## Footnote This style focuses on satisfying the needs of others.
46
The **avoiding style** is characterized by _______.
withdrawal/suppression ## Footnote This style involves avoiding the conflict altogether.
47
The **compromising style** is characterized by _______.
intermediate concern for both ## Footnote This style seeks a middle ground between conflicting parties.
48
The best style for complex issues requiring commitment is _______.
integrating ## Footnote This style is effective for resolving intricate conflicts.
49
If subordinates lack expertise and quick decision is needed, the best style is _______.
dominating ## Footnote This style allows for swift decision-making in urgent situations.
50
If preserving relationship is most important, the best style is _______.
obliging ## Footnote This style focuses on maintaining harmony in relationships.
51
If the issue is trivial and cooling off is needed, the best style is _______.
avoiding ## Footnote This style allows for a pause to reduce tension.
52
If parties are equally powerful and need a temporary solution, the best style is _______.
compromising ## Footnote This style facilitates a quick resolution when power dynamics are balanced.
53
Choosing between two attractive job offers is an example of _______.
approach-approach ## Footnote This type of conflict involves choosing between two desirable options.
54
One job is prestigious but has no promotion opportunities is an example of _______.
approach-avoidance ## Footnote This type of conflict involves a choice that has both positive and negative aspects.
55
Role ambiguity refers to a lack of clarity in _______.
role expectations ## Footnote This can lead to confusion and conflict in the workplace.
56
Intrasender conflict means one sender demands _______.
contradictory behaviors ## Footnote This type of conflict arises from mixed messages from a single source.
57
Intersender conflict means two senders demand _______.
incompatible roles ## Footnote This type of conflict occurs when different sources provide conflicting expectations.
58
Interrole conflict is conflict between expectations of _______.
two roles ## Footnote This type of conflict arises when different roles impose conflicting demands.
59
Intrarole conflict is when role requirements contradict _______.
values/ethics ## Footnote This type of conflict occurs when personal beliefs clash with role expectations.
60
In the **Prisoner’s Dilemma**, the dominant strategy is to _______.
confess ## Footnote This strategy leads to a better outcome for the individual regardless of the other's choice.
61
The socially optimal solution in the Prisoner’s Dilemma is when both do not _______.
confess ## Footnote This outcome maximizes the overall benefit for both parties.
62
Active listening includes eliminating _______.
distractions ## Footnote This practice enhances the effectiveness of communication.
63
Right listening includes silencing _______.
sympathy/antipathy ## Footnote This approach focuses on understanding the speaker without bias.
64
Crossed arms usually indicate _______.
defensiveness ## Footnote This nonverbal cue can suggest a closed-off attitude.
65
Tightly clenched hands indicate _______.
pressure/tension ## Footnote This gesture often reflects stress or discomfort.
66
Tapping fingers or fidgeting indicates _______.
nervousness ## Footnote These behaviors are often associated with anxiety.
67
Looking at your watch or exit indicates _______.
boredom/impatience ## Footnote This nonverbal signal shows a lack of interest in the current situation.
68
Sideways glances indicate _______.
suspicion/doubt ## Footnote This behavior can suggest mistrust or uncertainty.
69
Intimate distance means close people allowed near you is approximately _______.
~0.5m ## Footnote This distance is typical for close relationships.
70
A group must include interdependence and _______.
common goals ## Footnote This characteristic distinguishes a group from a collection of individuals.
71
Playing football with colleagues after work is an example of an _______.
informal group ## Footnote This type of group forms based on social interactions rather than formal structures.
72
Friendship groups are classified as _______.
informal groups ## Footnote These groups are based on personal relationships rather than organizational roles.
73
Conflict management involves diagnosis and _______.
intervention ## Footnote This process aims to resolve conflicts effectively.
74
ROCI-I is used to measure _______.
amount of conflict ## Footnote This tool assesses the intensity of conflict in a given context.
75
ROCI-II measures integrating, obliging, dominating, avoiding, and _______.
compromising ## Footnote This tool evaluates different conflict handling styles.
76
The **inverted-U function** shows that moderate substantive conflict maximizes _______.
performance ## Footnote This concept suggests that some conflict can be beneficial to outcomes.
Conflict Management
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