C1. Brain Structure and Function Part III

Question 1

What is the largest and most developed region of the brain?

Answer 1

Cerebral cortex

Question 2

How many lobes is the cerebral cortex made from and what are they ?

Answer 2

1. Frontal lobe
2. Parietal lobe
3. Occipital lobe
4. Temporal lobe

Question 3

What is gyri ?

Answer 3

Foldings

Question 4

What are the sulki ?

Answer 4

Farrow

Question 5

What is the frontal lobe made from and what are those functions ?

Answer 5

1. Prefrontal cortex- intellectual function, emotional behaviour (suppresses aggressive behaviour)
2. Motor cortex- Contains premotor and primary motor cortex

Question 6

What is the function of the parietal lobe ?

Answer 6

Processes sensory information associated with taste, temperature touch, knowledge with numbers and orientation(special awareness in terms of time and space)

Question 7

What is the function of the occipital lobe ?

Answer 7

Concerned entirely with processing visual information

Question 8

What is the function of the temporal lobe ?

Answer 8

Contains the primary auditory cortex

Some visual cognition due to close association with the occipital lobe

Question 9

What is the function of the basal ganglia ?

Answer 9

Associated with the cerebral cortex

Initiates and coordinates activities such as movement

Inhibits unwanted and unnecessary movement

Question 10

What is the basal ganglia made from ?

Answer 10

Putamen
Caudate Nucleus
Globes pallidus

Question 11

How is Parkinson’s disease related to basal ganglia ?

Answer 11

Movement is disrupted due to the death of the basal ganglia neurones

They present with tremors

Question 12

What is the lambic system and what is it made from ?

Answer 12

Made up of multiple brain regions and is important in emotional behaviour aka ‘the emotional brain’

Question 13

What makes up the lambic system ?

Answer 13

Amydala
Cingulate gyrus
Hippocampus 
Anterior group of the thalamus nuclei 
Hypothalamus

Question 14

What is the role of the hippocampus ?

Answer 14

Involved in processing memory and information

Special navigation

Inhibitor of behaviour e.g. avoiding a hot hob

Long term memory

Damage can result in loss in memory in both long term and short term

Question 15

What is the function of the cingulate gyrus ?

Answer 15

Coordinates sensory input with emotions

Question 16

What is the function of the amygdala ?

Answer 16

Anger
Fear
Anxiety

Processing all emotional behaviours such as the ones above