C11: Polymerisation

Question 1

conditions for

polymerisations reactions ?

Answer 1

• high pressure
• catalyst

Question 2

eg of synthetic polymers?

Answer 2

• plastics
• polystyrene cups
• nylon

Question 3

how is poly(ethene) made from ethene?

Answer 3

• double C=C bond is BROKEN
• Bonds with adjacent ethene monomers

Question 4

what are addition polymers?

Answer 4

formed by joining up many monomers / only occurs in monomer that contain C=C bond

Question 5

what are condesation polymers?

Answer 5

formed when 2 different monomers are linked tgt , with the removal of small molecule - water

Question 6

what are polypeptides?

Answer 6

• amine group / carboxylic acid group (in amino acids) react by condesation polymerisation to form polypeptides

Question 7

what are proteins?

Answer 7

one or more long chains of polypeptides

Question 8

what the effect of proteins containing different amino acids?

Answer 8

• order of amino acids effects protein structure/properties

Question 9

DNA structure?

Answer 9

• consists of 4 different monomers called nucleotides , which contain bases
• nucleotides form 2 polymer strands that intertwine - double helix

Question 10

naturally occuring polymers for life and their monomers?

Answer 10

proteins - aminoa cids
starch - glucose
cellulose - glucose

Question 11

describe the process of condensation polymerisation?

Answer 11

Monomers with different functional groups
React and form bonds between them making chains
One small molecule is lost per per link

Question 12

uses of addition polymers?

Answer 12

plastic bags
plastic bottles
cling film
drain pipes

Question 13

describe how addition polymer is formed from monomers?

Answer 13

• many monomers bond together
• to form a long chain polymer
• double C=C bond breaks to bond to adjacent molecule
• no other substances produced in process

Question 14

why is biodiesel sustainable?

Answer 14

• renewable
• uses refined aste oils
• waste is biodegradable
• carbon neutral

Question 15

what does carbon neutral mean?

Answer 15

trees are replanted
- taking in CO2 in photosynthesis
- its a continous carbon cycle as Co2 is returned in combustion