What is the formula of Aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 (s) + 6O2(g) + 36ADP + 36Pi → 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) + 36ATP + heat
What are the four main steps of Aerobic respiratin
- Glycolysis
- Linking reaction
- Krebs cycle
- ETC
Whats the purpose Glycolysis
Main purpose is to split glucose into pyruvate
What are the two reactions that happen in Glycolysis
- 2 ATP added to glucose which splits it into two G3P molecules
- NAD+ is added to the G3P which turn into Pyruvate
What are the final products of glycolysis?
- Pyruvate
- 2 ATP
- NADH
- all of this is multiplied by 2
Is oxygen required in glycolysis?
No
What is the main purpose of the linking reaction
It makes it so that pyruvat ecan enter the matrix but in order to do that it must be modified into Acetyl CoA
What are the two reactions in the linking reaction
- Pyruvate + NAD+ → Acetyl (2 carbon compound) + CO2 + NADH
- Acetyl + CoA → Acetyl Coenzyme A (goes to krebs cycle)
- Occurs twice
Does the linking reaction require O2
yes, CO2 is released as by-product
What is the main purpose of the Kreb cycle?
- It uses Acetyl CoA to make NADH and FADH2 which are high energy molecules
What reaction occurs twice in the kreb cycle?
Acetyl CoA + 3 NAD+ + FAD+ + ADP → 3NADH + FADH2 + ATP + 2CO2
(occurs twice and requires oxygen)
Describe the ETC
- NADH and FADH2 energize electrons in the first intermembrane protien
- It then gets passed through a series of carrieris until it reaches the last protien
- Electron releases energy and hydrogen atoms as it gets passed. this causes build up of hydrogen
What happens at the end of the ETC
- O2 binds with the products which creates H2O as a by-product
- step requires oxygen
- Chemiosmosis occurs which reduces ADP into ATP
How ATP are produced by the end
36-38
Is glucose oxidized or reduced?
Oxidized
Is NAD+ oxidized or reduced?
Reduced
Is Pyruvate oxidized or reduced?
Oxidized
Is FAD oxidized or reduced?
Reduced
What is the forumla for ethanol in anaerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 + 2ADP + 2Pi → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 2ATP
Are the 6 glucose molecules in the kreb cycle oxidized or reduced
All 6 glucose have been oxidized to CO2
What is the forumla for lactic acid in anaerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 (s) + 2ADP + 2Pi → 2C3H6O3 + 2ATP
Is NADH a reducing or oxidizing agent?
Reducing agent
What are the two main stages of anaerobic resperation
- Glycolysis
- Fermentation
- Final wastes of fermentation: CO2, Ethanol and Lactic Acid
Describe Alcohol fermentation
- NADH produced in glycolysis pass their hydrogen to acetaldeyde
- It then recycles NAD+ and produces 2 ATP
- Waste products: CO2 and ethonal
