C40 Block Maneuvers

Question 1

Vertical Takeoff

Answer 1

1. Trim controls in neutral position. Establish hover scan. Smoothly raise collective until light on skids. Stabilize. Trim.
2. Smoothly raise collective. Eliminate drift with cyclic. Maintain heading with pedals.
3. Raise collective until reaching hover altitude. Trim.

NOTE: In a no-wind condition, it will be necessary to displace the cyclic to the left to overcome the anti-torque thrust from the tail rotor and prevent the aircraft from drifting right. Because of this, the helo will take off right skid first and land left skid first.

NOTE: You are in a transition to flight at this point and susceptible to wind gusts.

Verbals

Takeoff check between maneuvers before lifting:

TWIST GRIP FULL OPEN

Nf/Nf 100%

GAUGES GREEN

FUEL IS __ GALLONS

CAUTION PANEL CLEAN

CLEAR LEFT, RIGHT AND ABOVE

Question 2

Hover

Answer 2

1. Use pedals to maintain heading, collective to maintain altitude (5ft), cyclic to maintain position over reference point.
2. Scan out for heading and attitude, down for altitude and drift, and in for Nr and engine instruments

Question 3

Transition to Forward Flight

Answer 3

1. From stable hover, begin forward motion.
2. Add collective as req to prevent settling . Maintain heading (aligned with direction of travel).
3. Accelerate while maintaining wing down, top rudder xw correction. Arrive at 20ft AGL, 40 KIAS.
4. Passing 50ft and 65 KTS adjust nose to 70 **KTS **climbing attitude, transition to balanced flight and climb at 500-700 fpm. Maintain 70 KIAS climbing attitude in balanced flight.
5. 50ft below the desired altitude, adjust nose to the cruise attitude. Maintain climb power. Approaching desired airspeed, adjust collective to level off at desired altitude. Maintain balanced flight.

Question 4

Turn on the Spot/Clearing Turn

Answer 4

1. From a hover, begin a slow turn by displacing the appropriate pedal.
2. As the helo turns, adjust the cyclic as necessary to remain over the reference point and pedals as necessary to control the rate of turn.
3. Stop the turn on the desired new heading.

Question 5

Hover Taxi/Air Taxi

Answer 5

1. From a hover, displace the cyclic in the desired direction of movement.
2. Pedals to maintain heading, collective to maintain altitude, cyclic to maintain desired rate of movement.
3. Hover taxiing shall be conducted at a reasonable rate of speed such that a safe landing can be accomplished in the event of a loss of power.

Question 6

Normal Approach

Answer 6

1. Maintain 500 feet AGL, 70 KTS on Downwind.
2. At the 180º position, lower the collective and begin a descending, decelerating turn towards the courseline. Maintain balanced flight.
3. Arrive at the 90º position with 300 feet AGL and 60 KTS.
4. Intercept the courseline by 150 feet AGL, with 50 KTS, and sufficient straightaway (600 to 800 feet) to intercept the glideslope. Establish crosswind corrections as necessary.
5. At 150 feet AGL, set the appropriate decel attitude and adjust the collective to maintain a constant glideslope between 10 and 20 degrees.
6. Arrive over the spot at hover altitude, hover power, and zero groundspeed simultaneously.

Verbals

Normal approach (at he abeam position)

POWER (500-700 fpm descent)

PEDAL (right for trim)

PAUSE (check 500-700 fpm)

TRIM (center ball, balanced flight)

TURN (clear aircraft left/right then begin descending, decelerating turn)

Question 7

Square Patterns

Answer 7

1. Constant-Heading Square
   a. From the starting position, move laterally in either direction along the side of the square.
   b. When reaching the corner, stop, stabilize the hover, and continue in the new direction. maintain a constant heading with pedals.
   c. When moving forward or rearward, the side of the square should be under the aircraft to provide the pilot with a visual reference.
   d. When moving laterally, the heading should be perpendicular to the side of the square.

2. Parallel-Heading Square

a. From the starting position, move forward and place the side of the square under the helicopter. Turn 90º to the right to place the square beneath the longitudinal axis and begin a forward air taxi.
b. Anticipate a hover at the corner. Stop with the next side abeam the pilot’s shoulder.
c. Execute a 90º left turn on the spot to place the new side beneath the helicopter. Stabilize the hover, and continue the air taxi. Continue until reaching the middle of the downwind side. Turn 90 º and taxi rearward to the starting position.

3. Perpendicular-Heading Square

a. From the starting position, begin slow lateral movement in either direction along the side of the square, maintaining the heading perpendicular to the square with pedals.
b. As the helicopter reaches the corner, coordinate cyclic and rudder to turn to a heading perpendicular to the next side. Do not stop the lateral motion.
c. Continue until reaching the starting position.

Question 8

Level Speed Change

Answer 8

1. Establish a 100 KTS cruise flight at a given altitude at or above 500 feet.
2. Coordinate a reduction in power with aft cyclic to slow the aircraft to 70 KTS, maintaining altitude, heading and balanced flight. Stabilize momentarily at 70 KTS.
3. Coordinate an increase in power with forward cyclic to accelerate back to 100 KTS, maintaining altitude, heading, and balanced flight.

Question 9

Turn Pattern

Answer 9

1. Establish 100 KTS or 70 KIAS flight at a given altitude, at or above 500 feet.
2. Initiate a turn in either direction utilizing 15° AOB for 90° of heading change. Approaching 90° of turn, reverse the turn at 15° AOB to the original heading.
3. After the second 15° AOB turn, reverse the turn and roll into a 30° AOB turn for 180° of heading change. Approaching 180° of turn, reverse the turn at 30° AOB to the original heading.
4. After the second 30° AOB turn, reverse the turn and roll into a 45° AOB turn for 360° of heading change. Approaching 360° of turn, reverse the turn at 45° AOB to the original heading.
5. After the second 45° AOB turn, roll wings level on heading, altitude, and airspeed.

Question 10

Vertical Landing

Answer 10

1. Smoothly lower the collective to begin a slow rate of descent.
2. Use pedals to maintain heading and cyclic to eliminate drift.
3. The rate of descent may slow or stop as the helicopter nears the ground. Continue the descent with slight collective pressure.
4. When on the ground, smoothly lower the collective to the full down position.

NOTE: In a no-wind condition, it will be necessary to displace the cyclic to the left to overcome the anti-torque thrust from the tail rotor and prevent the aircraft from drifting right. Because of this, the helo will take off right skid first and land left skid first.

Question 11

Simulated Engine Failure at Altitude

Answer 11

1. The instructor will initiate the maneuver by verbalizing, “Simulated” and rotating the twist grip to flight idle to simulate a loss of power.
2. Lower the collective to enter an autorotation, maintain balanced flight and transition to appropriate airspeed.
3. Initiate a turn toward the landing area, if necessary, and plan the final approach to be into the wind whenever practical.
4. Maintain airspeed from 50 to 72 KTS and Nr from 90 to 107% throughout the maneuver, depending upon the desired glide distance and aircraft gross weight.
5. PAC: Direct PNAC to lock shoulder harnesses, transmit a mayday call, and simulate switching the transponder to emergency.
6. At the site: terminate the maneuver as a power recovery autorotation unless otherwise directed.
7. Away from the site: the instructor will take the controls and initiate a waveoff at or above 400 feet AGL. The waveoff must be completed by 300 feet AGL and at an airspeed no slower than 50 KIAS.

DOWN (collective; in no less than 2 seconds)

RIGHT (pedal to center ball; balanced flight)

TRANSITION (50-72 KIAS descending)

TURN (to landing zone; into wind)

ATTITUDE (50-72 KIAS descending)

Nr (btwn 90-107%, 94-95% optimum)

BALL (pedals to center)

LOCK (shoulder harness)

TALK (PNAC on ICS “Mayday….”)

SQUAWK (PNAC simulate 7700 transponder)

RESTART (simulate engine restart in flight)

Question 12

Simulated Engine Failure in a Hover

Answer 12

1. Establish the helicopter into the wind in a five-foot hover or five-foot/ five-knot forward hover taxi.
2. When the instructor rotates the twist grip to flight idle to simulate loss of power, hold the collective pitch constant and maintain heading with pedals.
3. Allow the aircraft to descend, eliminate any drift, and cushion the touchdown with collective.
4. When on the ground, smoothly lower the collective full down.

FREEZE THE COLLECTIVE (let aircraft begin to settle on its own)

STOP YAW AND DRIFT (pedals to stop yaw, cyclic, level skids)

CUSHION, CUSHION, CUSHION (up collective to touchdown smoothly with level skids)

Question 13

Simulated Engine Failure in a Hover Taxi

Answer 13

1. Establish the helicopter into the wind in a five-foot hover or five-foot/ five-knot forward hover taxi.
2. When the instructor rotates the twist grip to flight idle to simulate loss of power, hold the collective pitch constant and maintain heading with pedals.
3. Allow the aircraft to descend, eliminate any drift, and cushion the touchdown with collective.
4. When on the ground, smoothly lower the collective full down.

FREEZE THE COLLECTIVE (let aircraft begine to settle on its own)

STOP YAW AND DRIFT (pedals to maintain heading, cyclic to stop drift)

CUSHION CUSHION CUSHION (up collective to touchdown smoothly with level skids)

Question 14

Scan

Answer 14

• *Power Instruments**
  a. Torque Gauge
  b. Airspeed Indicator
• *Pitch Instruments**
  a. Attitude Indicator
  b. Altimeter
  c. Airspeed Indicator
  d. Vertical Speed Indicator
  e. Radar Altimeter
• *Bank Instruments**
  a. Attitude Indicator
  b. RMI
  c. Turn Needle and Ball