What happens to the reactivity of alkali metals as you go down the periodic table?
-the reactivity goes up
Explain the change in reactivity of alkali metals using atomic structure.
- alkali metals need to lose one electron to get a full outer shell
- the alkali metals further down the periodic table are less affected by the force of attraction to the nucleus and so losing an electron is easier
What are some properties of alkali metals?
- low boiling points compared to other metals
- low density (lithium, sodium and potassium float on water)
- very soft (can be cut with a knife)
What happens when alkali metals react with water?
- hygrogen is produces
- fizz furiously and move on surface of water
How does lithium react to water?
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Hows does sodium react to water?
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How does potassium react to water?
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What is the process of the flame test?
1-dip splint in hyrdochloric acid to clean and moisten it
2-put loop in powdered sample of the compound to be tested
3-then place in the end in a blue Bunsen flame
What are the colours of the flame test for lithium, sodium and potassium?
- lithium: red flame
- sodium: yellow/orange flame
- potassium: lilac flame
What happens to the reactivity of halogens as you go up the group?
-the reactivity increases
What happens to the boiling and melting points of the halogens as you go up the group?
-decreases
Explain the change in reactivity of halogens in terms of atomic structure.
- halogens need to gain one electron to get a compete outer shell and become stable
- so halogens closer to the top of the periodic table have an outer shell nearest to the nucleus, so the force of attraction is stronger, making it easier to gain an extra electron
What happens when halogens react with alkali metals?
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What is displacement?
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What are the properties of chlorine?
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What are the properties of bromine?
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What are the properties of iodine?
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