whats the most common tarsal bone fx
calc
other associated fxs
L1 (20%), peroneal injury (30%), osteomyelitis (60%)
mondors sign
ecchymosis plantar medial foot
Hoffas sign
less taut achilles
normal bohlers angle
20-40
normal Gissane angle
120-140
broadens view
oblique view of middle and posterior facet
Isherwood view
3 oblique views to highlight all facets
Rowe classification
1a plantar tuberosity 1b sustentaculum 1c anterior process 2a superior tuberosity w out Achilles (beak) 2b superior tuberosity w Achilles 3 oblique body no STJ 4 oblique w STJ 5 joint depression w comminution
Sanders classification
1 non displaced
2= 1 fx line
3= 2 fx lines
4=fucked up
Essex lopresti classification
A. Posterior calcaneus
B. dorsal calcaneus
Essex lopresti maneuver
5 mm pin into tuberosity and rotate fragment down and pin it
Benirschke-sangeorzan lateral extensile approach