moles =
mass(g)/Mr
% yield =
actual amount/expected amount x 100
Q (energy change) (J) =
m(g) x C (4.2) x DeltaT
DeltaH (molar enthalpy change) (kJ/mol)=
-Q/mols
Concentration (moldm-3) =
mols/volume(dm3)
Charge (C) =
current (A) x time (s)
mols of e- =
charge (C)/96500
96500C =
1 faraday = 1 mol of electrons
Relative atomic mass (Ar) =
SUM(isotope mass x isotope abundance) / 100
Relative formula mass (Mr) =
SUMAr
How to work out empirical formula
Divide each element by their relative atomic mass
Divide by the smallest number of mols
Energy change (can be Q or DeltaH) =
SUM(bonds broken) - SUM(bonds made)
volume of a gas (dm3) =
mols of gas x 24