Y4 FA - Small ruminants > Camelids > Flashcards

Camelids Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

Camelids should be regularly assessed to observe?

A
  • Bright, alter, responsive
  • Within group, same rank
  • BCS
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2
Q

Reduction BCS (BW) by:
- ½ (5%) = ?
- 1 (10%) = ?
- 2 (20%) = ?

A
  • ½ (5%) = observe
  • 1 (10%) = vet
  • 2 (20%) = urgent
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3
Q

If a camelid appear sick what should you assume?

A

It is sicker than it appears

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4
Q

Why is it important to perform bloods on camelids?

A

A lot of areas are hard to assess on a clinical exam

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5
Q

How is blood sampling carried out in camelids?

A

Blind – won’t see vein rise. Use bony landmarks to find jugular groove

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6
Q

Why must care be given to camelids receiving glucose in their fluids?

A

Need to monitor as they have a high insulin resistance and can tip into hyperglycaemia

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7
Q

What kinds of fluids are given to camelids?

A

Alkaline

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8
Q

Where is the jugular catheter placed in the neck?

A

Right is right – RHS of neck
Towards heart
Upper 1/3 of neck

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9
Q

When handling what are some signs they are surpassing the stress threshold?

A
  • Mouth breathing
  • Struggling
  • Stress fold below eye
  • Laboured breathing
  • Rapid oscillation of eye
  • Head bending over back
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10
Q

What are 4 causes of abdominal distention in a camelid?

A
  • Ascites
  • SI obstruction
  • Bloat
  • Pregnancy
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11
Q

What are 4 causes of colic in camelids?

A
  • Phytobezoar
  • Enteritis
  • Spiral colon torsion
  • Gaseous distention
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12
Q

What is the best tool when assessing a camelids abdomen?

A

Ultrasound

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13
Q

Where are microchips placed in camelids?

A

Upper left neck
Care with angle (30-45°)

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14
Q

Which vaccination is a MUST in camelids?

A

Clostridial

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15
Q

Which other vaccination are given to camelids as required?

A
  • Bluetongue
  • Orf
  • Leptospirosis
  • Salmonellosis
  • Rota and coronavirus
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16
Q

What are the clinical signs of an endoparasite infection in camelids?

A
  • Soft faeces (Diarrhoea)
  • Ill thrift
  • Anaemia
  • Malaise & death
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17
Q

What are the cut-offs for the FECs of the following parasites?
- Trichostrongyle-type
- Fluke
- Nematodirus
- Haemonchus
- Lungworm

A
  • 300-400
  • 1
  • 1
  • Any
  • Any
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18
Q

If there is a high fluke forecast, when do you want to dose?

A

6 weeks later

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19
Q

Which benzimidazole cannot be used in pregnant camelids?

20
Q

Levamisole can only be used if?

Study These Flashcards
A

The animals can be weighed

21
Q

Name 2 anti-fluke drugs used in camelids

Study These Flashcards
A

Triclabendazole
Closantel

22
Q

At what points in life should camelids be treated against coccidiosis?

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A

Early-born crias @ weaning
Late-born crias @ 2-3 mo
Adults after stress
Incoming animals

23
Q

Describe ivermectin treatments for sarcoptic and chorioptic mange

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Injectable for Sarcoptic mange
  • Pour-on for Chorioptic mange
  • Typically 3 - 4 treatments
  • 7 – 10 days apart
  • Treat the whole group
24
Q

If a lump is found on a camelid what must be ruled out?

Study These Flashcards
A

Caseous lymphadenitis

25
What is the agent that causes caseous lymphadenitis?
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
26
What is the main clinical sign on anaemia in camelids?
pale mm
27
When performing RBC counts for camelids what must be considered to get accurate results?
Camelids have elliptical RBCs – if the machine isn’t calibrated to this they will get miscounted as thrombocytes Be suspicious if the count comes back as low RBC count but high platelet count
28
What is the main DDx for anaemia in caemids?
Cardio-vascular compromise - Pulse deficit, heart murmur, cold extremities, CRT
29
List some example causes of anaemia in camelids
- Chronic disease - Haemonchosis, fluke - Gastric ulceration - Haemolysis (urine sample) - Ivermectin toxicity - Mycoplasma
30
What 2 steps must occur in preparation of a camelids being castrated over 18mo?
- Tetanus cover - Withhold concentrated for 24hrs
31
What are the top 3 causes of weight loss in caemlids?
Parasites Tooth/jaw issues Bullying
32
Why would you trim incisors in camelids?
If poor BCS, quidding, etc
33
How can you tell apart a deciduous and permanent incisor?
Deciduous = whiter Permanent = dirtier, parallel sides
34
Why is it more likely that you wouldn't intervene with a retained incisor?
Long roots make these difficult to remove - if the animal is eating fine and theres no impaction, best to leave alone
35
The 'triple stun' used for sedating camelids uses which 3 drugs?
Xylazine Ketamine Butorphanol
36
Which 2 drugs are used for sedating a cria?
Butorphanol Diazepam
37
Which drugs can be used for induction in camelids?
Xylazine OR Detomidine +/- butorphanol
38
What are 3 considerations when recovering camelids from anaesthetic?
- Extubate as late as possible - Supplement oxygen - Support head and neck
39
Which 4 drugs can be used for analgesia in camelids?
- Fentanyl patch - Butorphanol - Buprenorphine - Meloxicam
40
How can you gain some room when trying to assist a foetus coming through a small pelvis?
Rotate by 30-45 degrees gains 1-2cm
41
When there is dystocia how long should you wait before resorting to plan B?
15 minutes
42
Describe the steps involved in a camelid c-section
- Local >> GA - 45° – lateral recumbency - Left flank - thin layers - spleen sits right below incision - lavage not swabbing
43
GA is preferred over local in which spp?
Goats
44
Foetal membranes usually pass after how long?
1-3 hours
45
Foetal membranes are classed as retained after how long?
6 hours
46
Name some peri-parturient complications in camelids?
- Uterine torsion - Vaginal prolapse - Uterine prolapse - Mastitis - Endometritis
Y4 FA - Small ruminants
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