1
Q
NEWSPAPERS - SARAH’S LAW
child sex offender disclosure scheme
A
- allows parents, caters, or guardians to formally ask the police if a convicted sex offender has contact with their child
2
Q
NEWSPAPERS - SARAH’S LAW
campaign followed…
A
- the abduction and murder in July 2000 of 8-year-old Sarah Payne by Roy Whiting
3
Q
NEWSPAPERS - SARAH’S LAW
Whiting had…
A
been convicted in 1995 of abducting and indecently assaulting another 8yo girl
4
Q
NEWSPAPERS - SARAH’S LAW
what did the News of The World publish?
A
- name and shame articles which named sex offenders and where they lived
5
Q
NEWSPAPERS - SARAH’S LAW
news of the world backed…
A
- by Sarah’s parents who had been convinced from the start that a sex offender murdered their daughter
6
Q
NEWSPAPERS - SARAH’S LAW
NOTW - this was …
A
- confirmed when Whiting was convicted of the crime in 2001 and it was revealed that he has a previous conviction of a sexual offence against a child
7
Q
NEWSPAPERS - SARAH’S LAW
NOTW promised
A
- to continue until it revealed the identity of every paedophile in Britain
8
Q
NEWSPAPERS - SARAH’S LAW
government…
A
- introduced the Child Sex Offender Disclosure Scheme throughout England and Wales in 2011
9
Q
NEWSPAPERS - SARAH’S LAW
Home Office Ministers…
A
- said it was successful as 60 children had been protected
10
Q
NEWSPAPERS - SARAH’S LAW
however…
A
- anyone can ask the police if someone in contact with their child has a record of child sexual offences
- police aren’t obliged to disclose this and will only do so if they judge that the child is at risk of harm
11
Q
NEWSPAPERS - YEAR AND A DAY RULE
the year and a day rule is…
A
- an ancient rule that states if an assault lived fo 366 days or more, their attacker would not be charged with anything more than GBH
12
Q
NEWSPAPERS - YEAR AND A DAY RULE
Michael Gibson
A
- was assaulted by David Clark in 1992
- he died after being in a coma for 22 months
13
Q
NEWSPAPERS - YEAR AND A DAY RULE
Clark
A
- would only be charged with GBH
- jailed for 2 years; he was free before Michael died
14
Q
NEWSPAPERS - YEAR AND A DAY RULE
Michael’s mother
A
- Pat Gibson sought to change the law that dated back to 1278
15
Q
NEWSPAPERS - YEAR AND A DAY RULE
The Northern Echo
A
- launched the Justice for Michael campaign urging its readers to sign a petition demanding that the rule be repealed
16
Q
NEWSPAPERS - YEAR AND A DAY RULE
1994
A
- local MP Alan Milburn introduced a bill into the HoC to scrap the rule
- it was narrowly defeated
17
Q
NEWSPAPERS - YEAR AND A DAY RULE
following the…
A
- delivery of N.E petition to the Law Commission, a bill was passed by Parliament to become the 1996 Law Reform (year and a day rule) Act
18
Q
NEWSPAPERS - YEAR AND A DAY RULE
the newspapers…
A
- role was vital in achieving success by mobilising public support
19
Q
NEWSPAPERS - YEAR AND A DAY RULE
its editor said…
A
‘people were getting away with murder because the law was an ass. Newspapers have to do what they can to bring the law up to date’
20
Q
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
double jeopardy law is
A
- english common law
- a person cannot be tried for the same crime twice
21
Q
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
Julie Hogg…
A
- was murdered by Billie Dunlop in 1989
22
Q
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
Dunlop…
A
- was acquitted when 2 juries failed to reach a verdict
23
Q
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
by convention…
A
- if 2 juries failed to reach a verdict, prosecutors drop the case
24
Q
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
in 1998
A
- Dunlop was convicted for a savage attack on a former lover and he admitted to a prison guard that he murdered Julie
25
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
He was…
- convicted of perjury and was sentenced for 6 years imprisonment
- no action taken for the murder because of the DJ law
26
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
Ann Ming…
- campaigned for a change in law by lobbying politicians and using the press, TV, and radio to publicise the case
27
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
as a result of her Justice for Julie campaign…
- the Criminal Justice Act 2003 was created
28
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
CJA 2003…
- changed the doubly jeopardy term to be “new and compelling evidence”
- and if the Director of Prosecutions give the go-ahead and only one re-trial is permitted
29
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
in 2003
- Dunlop was found guilty for the murder of Julie
30
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
the new law
- secured 13 convictions, including Stephen Lawrence’s killers
31
INDIVIDUAL - JULIE
however…
- it took 17 years to succeed
32
INDIVIDUAL - CLARES LAW
2009
- 36 yo Clare Wood was beaten, raped, and strangled and her body set on fire by George Appleton (former relationship with)
33
INDIVIDUAL - CLARES LAW
unbeknown to clare….
- he had a history of convictions for violence against women
34
INDIVIDUAL - CLARES LAW
Clare’s father…
- Michael Brown found out after the relationship ended that she had made several complaints alleging that Appleton had tried to rape her but police did not take action
35
INDIVIDUAL - CLARES LAW
Michael…
- launched a campaign to change the law to enable women to know about their partner’s violent past
36
INDIVIDUAL - CLARES LAW
aided by…
- Michelle Livesey who was a chief reporter at Radio Key 103
- worked for 4 years gathering evidence , organising petitions and winning support from charities, politicians, and the media for a change in law
37
INDIVIDUAL - CLARES LAW
2013
- succeeded when the government introduced a pilot scheme in 4 police areas
-
38
INDIVIDUAL - CLARES LAW
following this success…
- the Domestic Violence Disclosure Scheme (DVDS) was rolled across all 43 police forces in England and Wales
39
INDIVIDUAL - CLARES LAW
2 procedures the police can use…
- right to ask allows a person to apply to the police to disclose information
- right to know allows the police to disclose information to protect a potential victim, even without having been asked to do so
40
PRESSURE - INQUEST
they focus…
- on state-related deaths
- people in police custody, prison, immigration detention centres, and psychiatric case
41
PRESSURE - INQUEST
has been involved with
- Grenfell Tower 2017
42
PRESSURE - INQUEST
it stated on its website…
“this work informs our policy, parliamentary, campaigning and media work to ensure the legal processes can deliver the truth, effect meaningful cultural change and prevent future deaths”
43
PRESSURE - INQUEST
case work
- carries out case work to support bereaved people so they can establish the truth about a death that has occurred whilst someone was in care of the state
44
PRESSURE - INQUEST
accountability
- aims to ensure the state institutions are held accountable when they fail to safeguard those in their care
45
PRESSURE - INQUEST
spreads…
- the lessons learnt in these investigations to prevent future death
46
PRESSURE - INQUEST
gathers…
- evidence from casework
- conducts research
- uses info to press public bodies to change their policies
47
PRESSURE - INQUEST
successful campaigns (IPCC)
- set up the Independent Police Complaints Commission
- investigates serious complaints and allegations of misconduct against the police
48
PRESSURE - INQUEST
successful campaigns (extending)
- the 2007 Corporate Manslaughter Act
- cover deaths in the custody of public authorities
49
PRESSURE - INQUEST
still campaigns for…
- equal funding for bereaved families at inquests into-state related deaths
- legal costs for public bodies are funded by the state but families have to pay their own costs
50
PRESSURE - INQUEST
they also…
- a hillsborough law to make it a crime for senior police officers to cover up institutional and individual families
criminology
flashcards
Decks in class (13)
# Cards
-
sociological theories48
-
individualistic theories41
-
individualistic theories - evaluation19
-
sociological theories - evaluation10
-
biological theories23
-
biological theories - evaluation12
-
social change affecting policy development40
-
campaigns affecting policy development50
-
sociological theories affecting policy development7
-
4.1 quick fire8
-
individualistic theories affecting policy development10
-
biological theories affecting policy development14
-
4.1 - INDIVIDUALISTIC evaluation6
