what key changes did the 7 years war lead to in terms of canada?
with the treaty of paris in 1763, france gave canada to the british, the 7 years war therefore lay the cultural foundations of modern canada
how did the political barrier in the political system cause tension in canada?
the family compact who were british, were in the legislative council and the executive council. so in lower canada where the british took up 1% of the population, would make them angry. the legistaltive council also had the ability to veto any law that was going to be passed, and they didnt like the french economic system
what was the significane of the war of 1812?
it created a good feeling between the british and the canadians, less tension for a few years
what was the Quebec act?
gave the french canadians more rights, granting emancipation for french catholics
what was the legislative assembly?
responisble to the people, elected by the people for up to 4 years and they control the governors pay
what was the executive council?
appointed by the governor for a term, responsible to the governor (family compact)
what was the family compact?
the families that were put into positions of power
what was the chateau clique?
same as the family compact, this is just what the french canadians called them in lower canada
what were the most significant problems facing lower canada?
bad economy, minority was in power, just didnt pay their governors which resulted in huge debt
what were the most significant problems in upper canada?
incompetent leaders,
what were the short term causes of the rebellion in upper canada?
radicalisation within the reform movement, mackenzies newspaper attacked ading to his reputation as a reformer, immigrants from britian-irish blamed for cholera outbreak and seen as criminally inclined and feckless, actions of colbourne and head- colbourne bypassed legislative assemblies using tax revenues to pay officials salaries and by allocating income for ongoing support from anglican churches, the 1836 election, made it so reformers legally couldnt have any political power
what were the short term causes of the rebellion in lower canada?
-the patriotes:1834 papineu drafted the 92 resolutions which were rejected, stalemate over the payment of officials salaries as the legislative assembly refused to grant this, papineu had an uncomprimising to the british
-immigration and economic problems:rising immigration led to greater pressures on the land, the cholera epidemic which was blamed on the irish, immigrants brought with them more radical ideas, patriotes had more support in lower classes
-the gosford commission:bond head revealed that in upper canada that the commision had no intention of constitutional reform, report did not address key issues raised by paitriotes, russel resolutions of 1837 passes in parliament. stated that the governor could use public funds without consent of legislative assemblies and that lower canada should repay officals salaries
what was the ops township scheme?
assisted poor immigrants; temporary shelters and cheap supplies funded by the government
what was the howick act of 1831?
transferred the revenue from duties to control the state assemblies
what was the great reform act of 1832?
major changes to the electoral system
who were the paitriotes?
a group of people (party) that are devoted to their country, but involved inn revolts
what were the 92 resolutions?
lower canada propsed 92 resolutions to britian ,which did not include independance, but the british denied them all
what were the russel resolutions?
1837, passed in parliament, rejected reform and the points raised in the 92 resolutions. they stated that the governor could use public funds without consent of the legislative assemblies and that lower canda should repay officals salaries from the past few years (over £140000)
what were seignures?
landowners
what were habitants?
tenant farmers
why did the rebellions fail in both upper and lower canada?
they didnt have enough support, didnt have a clear goal,mackenzies rebellion they fled as soon as gunfire started, and the rebel leaders ran away
what was the significance of the rebellions?
the british realised they probably wouldnt happen again because they failed massively, so they could be stricter
who was durham and why was he appointed?
he was a whig,owned coal mines, came from new money not old money. and he was appointed to get him out of the way because melbourne didnt like him, but he knew that durham wouldnt take a meaningless job and could see his potential
what is orange militia?
a military group
