Capacity Codigm And Suration

Question 1

What 3 things differ from the stm and ltm

Answer 1

Capacity coding and duration

Question 2

What is the duration of stm (study)

Answer 2

• Peterson and Peterson (1969) conducted a study using 24 undergraduates, they were presented with constant trigrams and then asked to count back in 3s to stop them from rehearsing. They were then asked to recall the triage as in intervals of 3,6,9,12,15 and 18
• Results found that they remember 90% after 3 seconds and then 20% after 9 seconds and 10% after 18 seconds
• Conclusion stm has max duration of 18 seconds to 30 seconds

Question 3

Evaluate Peterson study

Answer 3

• lab experiment well controlled and replicable
• lacks ecological validity
• traigrams from earlier may have caused confusion later on

Question 4

What is the duration of the ltm

Answer 4

• Bahrick et al (1974) conducted an experiment on 400 American participants (17-74yo). Bahrick wanted to see if participants could remember Hugh school classmates through matching pictures to names, identifying pictures and recalling names with no picture cue
• Results found that even after 48 years, participants could remember 70% of class mates when matching names to pictures however this fell down to 30% when asked to free recall names
• This shows that the ltm has a duration if a life time however information cannot be recalled immediately a cue is needed for recall

Question 5

Evaluate ltm duration

Answer 5

• natural experiment -> meaningful info -> high eco
• natural experiment -> less control over variables what if they been in contact
• one studies one type of info

Question 6

What is capacity

Answer 6

Capacity refers to the amount of information which can be stored in the brain

Question 7

What is the capacity of the stm

Answer 7

• Jacobs developed a serial digit technique. This consisted to the researcher reading aloud 4 digits and the participants had to repeat, then a digit was added until the participants could not coherently repeat the string of digits
• jacobs foudn the capacity of the stm was 9 digits and 7 letter
• capacity increased with age maybe due to increased brain capacity or learning techniques

Question 8

Evaluate jacobs (1887)

Answer 8

• lacks ecological validity -> strings of numbers
• confused later on
• bare time ago idk if controlled

Question 9

Who studies coding

Answer 9

Baddeley (1966)

Question 10

How did baddley (1966) study coding

Answer 10

He gave participants 4 lists of 5 words they had to immediately write down
- the categories were acoustically similar and distillate and semantically similar and dissimilar
- it was found when tested immediately (short term memory) they struggled most with acoustically similar
- After 20 mins test of ltm struggled most with semantically similar words
- suggest stm is encoded acoustically and ltm semantically