Physical Geography AS Level > Carbon Cycle 7 > Flashcards

Carbon Cycle 7 Flashcards

(25 cards)

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1
Q

What is required for accurate prediction of future energy?

A

An accurate prediction of future energy

This involves understanding energy demand and supply dynamics.

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2
Q

Countries that are most energy secure are those that can meet their energy demand using supply from _______.

A

within their boundaries

Energy security is enhanced when countries rely on domestic energy sources.

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3
Q

A good quality energy supply is characterized by which features?

A
  • Consistent
  • Secure
  • Reliable year round

This minimizes risks from geopolitical issues and climatic changes.

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4
Q

List the components that a good quality energy supply involves.

A
  • Different sources
  • Contributes to the energy mix

A diverse energy mix enhances reliability and security.

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5
Q

Energy security is important for the functioning of the country and particularly its economy, including the operation of which systems?

A
  • Most modes of transport
  • Lights in towns and cities
  • Heating homes
  • Domestic appliances
  • Most forms of manufacturing

Energy security supports essential services and economic activities.

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6
Q

What is required for accurate prediction of future energy?

A

An accurate prediction of future energy

This involves understanding energy demand and supply dynamics.

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7
Q

Countries that are most energy secure are those that can meet their energy demand using supply from _______.

A

within their boundaries

Energy security is enhanced when countries rely on domestic energy sources.

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8
Q

A good quality energy supply is characterized by which features?

A
  • Consistent
  • Secure
  • Reliable year round

This minimizes risks from geopolitical issues and climatic changes.

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9
Q

List the components that a good quality energy supply involves.

A
  • Different sources
  • Contributes to the energy mix

A diverse energy mix enhances reliability and security.

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10
Q

Energy security is important for the functioning of the country and particularly its economy, including the operation of which systems?

A
  • Most modes of transport
  • Lights in towns and cities
  • Heating homes
  • Domestic appliances
  • Most forms of manufacturing

Energy security supports essential services and economic activities.

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11
Q

Energy consumption is usually measured per capita using which measures?

A
  • Equivalent kilograms of oil per year (Kgoe/yr)
  • Gigajoules per year (GJ/yr) or Exajoules (EJ/yr)
  • Megawatt hours per year (Mwh/yr)

These measures help quantify energy usage on an individual basis.

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12
Q

What does Energy Intensity measure?

A

Efficiency of energy use per unit of GDP

A high energy intensity indicates a high cost of converting energy into GDP, and it generally decreases with development.

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13
Q

The energy mix refers to what?

A

Range and proportion of energy produced by methods of production

It includes non-renewable fossil fuels, recyclable fuels, and renewable energy sources.

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14
Q

Name the three categories included in the energy mix.

A
  • Non-renewable fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal)
  • Recyclable fuels (nuclear energy, general waste)
  • Renewable energy (wind, solar, geothermal)

The global energy mix is dominated by fossil fuels.

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15
Q

What are primary energy sources?

A

Raw materials that produce energy

Examples include coal and oil.

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16
Q

What are secondary energy sources?

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A

Modified primary energy sources that are easier to use

Examples include oil converted into petrol and coal into electricity.

17
Q

Coal accounts for what percentage of global energy production?

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A

27%

Usage is decreasing as China shifts its energy mix away from coal and less polluting energy sources.

18
Q

Which country is the largest producer of coal?

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A

China

Followed by the USA and India.

19
Q

Petroleum (Oil) accounts for what percentage of global energy production?

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A

32%

Usage is still increasing as global energy demand increases.

20
Q

Which countries have the greatest usage of petroleum?

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A
  • USA
  • China
  • India

Greatest production in the USA, Saudi Arabia, and Russia.

21
Q

Natural Gas accounts for what percentage of global energy production?

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A

22%

It has only 50% of the carbon emissions of coal and is increasing year on year.

22
Q

Which countries have the highest production of natural gas?

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A
  • USA
  • Russia
  • Iran

Greatest consumption in the USA, Russia, and China.

23
Q

Uranium accounts for what percentage of global energy production?

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A

4%

It has a very low carbon footprint, with most production in Kazakhstan.

24
Q

Which country produces the greatest amount of nuclear fission energy?

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A

USA

Production of uranium is likely to increase in the future.

25
In many **LICs**, what is biomass primarily used for?
To produce energy ## Footnote Burning organic matter such as wood is very inefficient.
Physical Geography AS Level
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