Cardiovascular

Question 1

What veins are commonly affected? (Varicose veins)

Answer 1

Saphenous veins of the legs.

Question 2

What are the clinical manifestations of varicose veins?

Answer 2

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI).
Inflammatory reaction in the vessels leading to ulceration.
Hyperpigmentation of the skin.
Infection due to poor circulation.
Can lead to DVT.

Question 3

12. What factors predispose to thrombus formation in the leg veins?

Answer 3

THE TRIAD OF VIRCHOW!
1. Venous stasis (immobility, obesity prolonged leg dependency,age, CHF)

2. Venous endothelial damage ( trauma, medications)
3. Hypercoaguable states (inherited, malignancy, pregnancy, oral contraceptives, hormone replacement,hyperchromocysteinemia, anti phospholipid syndrome)

ALSO..hospitalized state…nearly 100% likely

Many genetic disorders related to hypercoagulability

Question 4

13. What are varicose veins?

Answer 4

A vein in which blood has pooled.