What is the difference between the medical model and the nursing focused model?
The medical model focuses on the disease and treatment of symptoms.
The nursing focussed model treats the patient as an individual giving supportive care to improve the overall condition of the patient. Holistic. Gives nursing a structure that can be recorded.
What are the 5 concepts of the Roper, Tierney, Logan model?
. Activities of living (12) . Lifespan (neonate-geriatric) . Dependence/independence continuum . Factors influencing activities of living . Nursing process
What are the stages of the nursing process?
- Assessment
- planning
- implementation
- evaluation
According to Roper, Tierney, Logan’s model what are the 12 activities of living?
- Maintaining a safe environment
- Communicating
- Breathing
- Eating and drinking
- Eliminating
- Personal cleansing and dressing
- Controlling body temperature
- Mobilising
- Working and playing
- Expressing sexuality
- Sleeping
- Dying
According to Roper, Tierney, Logan’s model what are the five factors that influence the activities of living?
- Biological (the biological state of patients body)
- Psychological (the impact of psychological stresses on the AOLs)
- Socio-cultural (the social needs of the patient and any cultural significances)
- Environmental
- Politico-economic (the health and economic status of the owner)
In the nursing process what can be used to provide the patient assessment?
- Clinical assessment (parameters, observations)
- patient history (previous influencing factors, diagnostic test results)
- owner questionnaire (discussion/form upon admissions, call owner later)
What are the steps involved in the planning part of the nursing process?
- identify actual problems
- solve or alleviate actual problems
- identify potential problems
- prevent potential problems becoming actual problems
- set a SMART goal for each potential and actual problem
What are the stages of Gibbs (1998) reflection cycle?
- Description - what happened?
- Feelings - what were you thinking and feeling?
- Evaluation - what was good and bad about the experience?
- Description (analysis) - what sense can you make of the situation?
- Conclusion
- Action plan - if it arose again what would you do?
What are the 8 self care requisites of Orem’s model?
- The maintenance of sufficient intake of air
- The maintenance of sufficient intake of water
- The maintenance of sufficient intake of food
- Satisfactory elimination functions
- The maintenance of a balance between activity and rest
- The maintenance of a balance between solitude and integration
- The prevention of hazards to life, wellbeing and functioning
- The promotion of functioning and development within social groups and the desire to be normal
How does the lifespan differ in Orem’s model to R, T & L?
It begins with inter-uterine life not neonate
What do the 4 stage nursing process suggested for Orem’s model?
Nursing history (assessment)
Planning
Implementation
Case management (evaluation)
In the planning stage of the Orem model, self care requisites are categorised as follows:
- Wholly compensatory (patient and owner completely dependent on the VN)
- partially compensatory (patient, owner & VN work together to achieve the self-care)
- supportive/educational (the VN’s role is to support or educate the owner)
The ability model
An adaption of the roper Tierney Logan model by 2 VNs Orpet & Jeffery
What are the 3 components of the ability model?
10 abilities
Lifespan
3 Key influencing factors
What are the 10 abilities according to the ability model?
- Eat
- Drink
- Urinate
- Defecate
- Breath normally
- Maintain body temperature
- Groom and clean itself
- Mobilise adequately
- Sleep and rest adequately
- Express normal behaviour
What is the lifespan measurement I the ability model?
Conception - death
What are the key influencing factors in the ability model?
- Cultural differences
- Financial implications
- Owner compliance
What is the nursing process suggested in the ability model?
Assessment
Nursing plan
Implementation
Evaluation
Who devised the ability model?
Orpet & Jeffery (2007)
What are the 3 nursing models we have studied?
Roper, Tierney & Logan (1976)
Orem’s model
The ability model (2007)
Which modes are human nursing?
Roper Tierney Logan
Orem’s
Which model is veterinary nursing?
The ability model
Name the commonly used theory that helps professionals to reflect?
Gibbs reflective cycle
What is a SMART goal?
S - specific M - measurable A - achievable R - realistic T - time sensitive
