1
Q
- multidisciplinary report containing at least 2 student evaluations completed by school district
- if student qualifies for special education, educational team has 30 calendar days to complete IEP
A
evaluative report (ER)
2
Q
- legally binding document developed annually for students who require specially designed instruction
- identifies special education + related services student will receive for 1 calendar year
A
individualized education program (IEP)
3
Q
document that classifies type of classroom + programming that child will receive for duration of IEP
A
notice of recommended educational placement (NOREP)
4
Q
document that parents/guardians are required to sign before a school system may evaluate a student for special education services
A
permission to evaluate (PTE)
5
Q
- federal legislation that makes discrimination against individuals w/ disabilities illegal
- provides that students who do not require specially designed instruction may receive accommodations + services (including PT) if they are considered to have a disability that impacts a major life function
A
section 504 of rehabilitation act of 1973
6
Q
precautions during PT for CP (elementary school)
A
fatigue, especially throughout school day
7
Q
complications interfering w/ PT for CP (elementary school)
A
- ↑ time required for educational activities
- ↑ energy/time demands of activity throughout school day
- ↑ energy/time demands of mobility w/ ADs
8
Q
- umbrella classification for autism that encompasses all levels of severity
- most impaired functioning → social + language skills
A
autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
9
Q
- classification used for children w/ “atypical autism”
- displays some characteristics of typical autism
- but demonstrate different onset, severity, or lack some characteristics of classic autism
A
pervasive development disorder, not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS)
10
Q
- ritualistic movement pattern or behavior
- when seen in children w/ ASD, considered 2° to diagnosis
A
stereotypy
11
Q
precautions during PT for ASD
A
- be aware of child’s sensory system + tendencies toward overstimulation
- difficulty transitioning b/w activities … may need cues + warnings
12
Q
complications interfering w/ PT for ASD
A
some children have difficulty w/ various sensory stimuli, becoming overwhelmed by sounds, visual input, and/or tactile stimuli, causing them to “shut down” and not be able to participate in therapy
13
Q
condition in which thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone
A
hypothyroidism
14
Q
federal law that provides financial assistance to states to implement an early intervention program that is comprehensive, coordinated, and multidisciplinary to enhance family’s capacity to meet developmental needs of child w/ disability
A
individuals w/ disabilities education improvement act (2004), part C
15
Q
- histamine H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits stomach acid production
- commonly used to treat gastroesophageal reflux
A
ranitidine
16
Q
synthetic thyroid hormone replacement used to treat hypothyroidism
A
thyroxine
17
Q
hole in wall (septum) that separates lower chambers of heart (ventricles)
A
ventricular septal defect
18
Q
most common chromosomal abnormality, characterized by trisomy 21
A
down syndrome (DS)
most common cause of intellectual disability
19
Q
precautions during PT for DS
A
- protect joints from extreme ROM 2° to hypotonia + ligamentous laxity
- s/s of AA instability
- signs of inadequate management of thyroid + CP comorbidities
20
Q
complications interfering w/ PT for DS
A
- behavioral challenges 2° young age + intellectual disability
- OA instability
- rare medical complications
21
Q
- drug class that helps prevent loss of bone mass
- inhibits osteoclast activity, ↓ bone resorption
A
bisphosphonates
22
Q
- amount of calcium + other mineral matter per unit of skeletal area
- used to assess fx risk + bone health
A
bone mineral density (BMD)
measured using DEXA
23
Q
brace worn on lower leg + foot that provides circumferential support w/ anterior + posterior shell components
A
clamshell AFO
used for OI
24
Q
long steel or titanium rod surgically inserted into medullary canal of long bone to add stability to bone
A
intramedullary rod
25
- surgical fx of bone
- typically done to realign a deformed or rotated bone
osteotomy
26
inherited disorder caused by autosomal dominant gene mutation that affects type I collagen production
osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)
27
type I OI
produce normal collagen but have deficiency in amount produced
28
types II, III, IV OI
altered collagen formation that creates deficient bone matrix
29
precautions during PT for OI
- no passive twisting, rotating, or forceful ROM in extremities or trunk due to ↑ fx risk
- pain, weakness, fatigue
- close guarding during WB activities to ↓ fall risk or injury
- close monitoring of skin when wearing AFOs
30
complications interfering w/ PT for OI
- discomfort w/ AFO due to post-surgical LE swelling
- pain may limit activity tolerance
- anxiety regarding potential fx
- UE deformities may ↑ difficulty using walker
31
- category of ankle-foot brace that allows for anterior-posterior movement at ankle
- includes hinged + PLS
dynamic AFO (DAFO)
32
limited ankle DF
equinus deformity
33
- type of brace that keeps foot in neutral position
- does not allow movement at ankle
solid AFO
34
- type of low-profile brace that limits ankle inv/ev
- generally allows DF/PF
supramalleolar orthosis (SMO)
35
- condition related to formation of gyri or folds in brain before birth
- too many gyri + gyri are smaller than normal
polymicrogyria
36
precautions during PT for hemipolymicrogyria
- ↑ tone requires pharmacologic management to allow functional movement
- adverse drug reactions (ADRs) → ↓ alertness, excessive weakness
- forcing movements against ↑ tone can cause structural problems
37
forcing DF can cause a ___ break
midfoot
38
complications interfering w/ PT for hemipolymicrogyria
- ↑ speed or activity can ↑ tone
- long-term use of constraint-induced therapy can interfere w/ B limb use
- significant tone reduction can negatively affect movement, esp if child was relying on tone for stability
39
- enzyme that catalyzes conversion of ADP + phosphocreatine into ATP + creatine
- expressed in many tissues, but in ↑ concentrations in brain, striated muscle, and other tissues that rapidly regenerate ATP
creatine kinase
40
when individual rises from floor using 4-point stance, placing hands on knees, and then hyperextending knees while pushing on thighs to compensate for hip extension weakness
gowers' sign
41
- excess CO2 in blood
- usually from lung disease, hypoventilation, or impaired consciousness
hypercapnia
42
- ↑ in size of muscle not due to ↑ in size of individual skeletal muscle fibers
- in DMD, muscles are replaced by fibrous tissue + fat
pseudohypertrophy
43
- enzyme that catalyzes transfer of amino group from one molecular group to another
- important in forming amino acids in metabolism of proteins
- elevated levels in blood indicate liver dysfunction
transaminase
44
- progressive NM disorder characterized by predictable pattern of muscle group deterioration
- leads to atrophy, progressive weakness, deformity, contracture, progressive disability
duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD)
*lack dystrophin, causing muscle cells to be easily damaged*
45
precautions during PT for DMD
- no resisted or forceful ROM to extremities or trunk due to ↑ fx risk + damage to muscles
- pain, weakness, fatigue
- assistance w/ WB activities during transfers
- close monitoring of skin when wearing orthoses
46
complications interfering w/ PT for DMD
- discomfort w/ AFOs + prolonged positioning
- anxiety regarding potential fx's
47
federal civil rights legislation that prohibits discrimination against individuals w/ disabilities in employment, transportation, public accommodations, communications, and governmental activities
americans w/ disabilities act of 1990 (ADA)
48
- 1 of 7 neurotoxins produced by *Clostridium botulinum*
- injected muscles are temporarily weakened or paralyzed for several months
*therapeutic uses?*
botulinum toxin A (BTX-A)
*therapeutic uses → focal dystonia, spasticity*
49
precautions during PT for young adult w/ CP
- fatigue
- pain
- postural asymmetries
- ↓ balance
50
complications interfering w/ PT for young adult w/ CP
- medical insurance plan restrictions
- ↑ time/energy demands for daily tasks, employment, exercise
- ↓ mobility + ↑ 2° impairments from CP
- transition to adult-oriented healthcare providers
- lack of public transportation accessibility
51
maximal amount of work a person can perform using O2-based energy production systems
aerobic capacity
52
ability to move quickly + rapidly change directions in an effective + efficient manner
agility
53
maximal amount of work a person can perform using non-O2-based energy production systems
anaerobic capacity
*during short duration, exhaustive exercise*
54
- 5-level classification system used to describe gross motor function of children ≤ 18 y/o w/ CP
- focuses on child's performance in areas of sitting, walking, wheeled mobility
gross motor function classification system (GMFCS)
*level I → highest level of gross motor function*
*level V → lowest level*
55
precautions during PT for pre-teen w/ CP w/ physical fitness concerns
- appropriate warm-up + cool-down to ↓ risk of injuries
- monitor biomechanical alignment issues + adverse effects
56
complications interfering w/ PT for pre-teen w/ CP w/ physical fitness concerns
overuse injuries
57
contraindications to exercise programs for children w/ CP
- uncontrolled seizure activity
- severe osteoporosis
Pediatrics 2
flashcards
Decks in class (14)
# Cards
-
6 - CP measures (GMFCS, FMS, MACS, GMFM)36
-
6 - diagnostic considerations, legislation23
-
6 - developmental considerations + OI26
-
6 - HIPAA41
-
7 - pediatric IPR29
-
8 - gait analysis62
-
9 - pediatric orthotics33
-
9 - spastic hemiplegia, hemipolymicrogyria, down syndrome12
-
9 - duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) + spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)17
-
lab - kinesiotaping23
-
lab - rotational profile13
-
lab - peabody15
-
case studies57
-
exam 1 review49
