Case Study Flashcards

Question

How did you select the specific felt system?

Answer 1

- Checked requirements in Approved Document L (conservation of fuel and power) to ensure U-value met - Selected 3-layer system for full waterproofing – incorporating VCL, underlay and felt cap sheet - Felt chose for ease of installation, allowing to chase into parapet brickwork, cost and appearance

Answer 2

- Adhered to Approved Doc L – 0.16 U-value - For installation – checked Safe2Torch guidelines, hot works permit when on site - Ensured appropriate edge protection present for installation - Specified a 25-year insurance backed guarantee was in place - Building regulations sign off

Answer 3

- Provided by IKO, the manufacturer of the roof coverings and warranty provider.

Answer 4

- Polyisocyanurate (poly-iso-cyanurate) - More efficient than PUR insulation - A type of rigid board insulations, sandwiched between aluminium foil facing

Answer 5

- National Federation of Roofing Contractors (NFRC) using gas torches - Guidelines of safe use of hot works – e.g. not allowing gas torch at least 1m away from timber upstands, hanging tiles, rooflight kerbs, cladding, etc.

Answer 6

- Ensured the scaffold was checked weekly by the scaffolding company and the scaffold tag was updated - Received scaffold designs before installation and checked: - Ensures platforms are fully boarded and wide enough for access - Scaffold boards are properly supported and not overhanging excessively (e.g. no more than 4 times thickness of the board) Check loading bays fitted with fall protection (gates) that can safely be moved in and out of position - Ensure provision of debris netting and monoflex - Ensuring guard rails and toe boards fitted

Answer 7

- No – I set out rates (e.g. for repointing, replacement of soldier courses, parapets, etc) as according to rates set out in SPONS / BCIS - Received rates quantities from each contractor, enabled me to assess I had received a fair price - Used the rates when receiving variations to ensure contractor submitted fair price - For non-rated items (e.g. anti-slip for external stairs), I requested 3no. quotes from the contractor

Answer 8

- Ensured additional prices were received as quickly as possible - Assessed and issued to client within good time (e.g. 3 days) - Discussed potential impact on programme with contractor and notified client - Additional works instructed towards end of contractor resulted in EoT being claimed

Answer 9

Concrete - Clinker concrete – damp conditions produce sulphuric acid from coal in clinker which corrodes steel joists, leads to loss of section - Masonry encased steel – corrosion of steel frame due to poor protection against moisture, leads to cracking / dislodgement of masonry Timber - External sash windows – susceptible to broke sash cords, damaged counter-weights, lack of maintenance and potential external rot Brickwork - Eroded mortar joints and soft London brickwork - Replacement of defective bricks and repointing with NHL 3.5 for external walls, NHL 5 for ridge / verge tiles, soldier courses on parapets - Damp – penetrating damp through brickwork via defective rainwater goods, parapet wall cracking Roof spread - Occurs when downward pressure of weight of the roof pushes against rafters, moving the structure of the roof - Often occurs when original slate tiles are replaced with concrete, adding weight onto roof Roof defects - Nail sickness - corrosion of nail fixings causes slippage of roof tiles

Answer 10

- It was discounted as there is vacant space elsewhere within the building - The building will be redeveloped (new lift, develop top flat) so future planning considered focus on other areas of the building instead o Lift would serve the other side of the building

Answer 11

- 18mm plywood - Class II (Humid use) – Structural EN 636-2 S, grade - Protective against potential water ingress, for use externally - Plywood is covered by roof covering, but still at risk of wetting

Answer 12

Class - Class I – dry interior use - Class II – humid areas, occasional wetting - Class III – unprotected exterior use, frequent wetting Grade - AB grade – high quality, small pint knots, no variation in colour - B grade – change in colour, smooth knots 15mm-35mm - BR ‘veneer’ grade – thinner sheets, knots 7-8mm - BB grade – larger knots than B, suitable where appearance not important - C grade – used when strength important, discolouration, open knots

Answer 13

- 3-layer system incorporating roof deck, VCL, insulation, 2-layer felt - Upstands w/ felt terminating 150mm, termination bar, ubiflex chased into brickwork

Answer 14

1. Roof deck 2. Liquid primer for VCL 3. VCL 4. Liquid primer 5. Insulation – 120mm thick 6. Liquid waterproofing incorporating reinforcement fleece 7. Top liquid waterproofing layer 8. Anti-slip sand / fine stone on walkway areas

Answer 15

- C16 & C24 – C= conifer - C16 – internal projects such as walls, flooring and roof joists. Allows for grain deviations that can impact strength - C24 – highest quality, kiln-dried, fewer defects so stronger / more resilient

Answer 16

- 48mm x 220mm at 400mm centres, fitted onto timber wall plate bedded into mortar, strapped down using galvanised holding-down straps - C24 provides strength for roof covering and future-loading – provides the best quality for the client - 400mm centres was checked with structural engineer and agreed

Answer 17

- Incorporated appropriate plywood (grace C) and timber (C24) within design - Proposed my design to structural engineer who confirmed appropriate loading

Answer 18

- Outlined the parameters for the future use of the roof to only be accessed for the following activities: o Obtaining lost material o Cleaning roof / gutters o Condition surveys by a competent person o Use of handrail

Answer 19

- What is a stakeholder – ‘anyone that can affect or is affected by what you are trying to achieve’ ‘the people that count’ - Client staff, colleagues, team members, local communities, investors, the media, end users, etc. - Sets out 10 principles of SE

Answer 20

- Signifies all the things we might do with S: consult, listen, understand, communicate, influence & negotiate - Broader objectives = gaining approval / support, minimising opposition / obstruction

Answer 21

- Concerned with difficulty in motivating one party (the ‘agent’) to act in best interests of another (the ‘principal’) rather than their own - E.g. – PM / CA is the principal, agents are stakeholders (e.g. directors, leaseholders

Answer 22

- Principle 1 – communicate - - Principle 2 – consult early & often - Principle 3 – remember they’re only human - Principle 4 – plan it - Principle 5 – relationships are key - Principle 6 – simple, but not easy - Principle 7 – just part of managing risk - Principle 8 – compromise - Principle 9 – understand what success is - Principle 10 – take responsibility

Answer 23

- A tool to distinguish between different project stakeholders by categorising them using their power and interest in the project o High power, low interest = keep satisfied o High power high interest = key players o Low power, low interest = minimum effort o Low power, high interest = keep informed

Answer 24

- Paul Mansell’s CASE 6 Step Approach provides robust analysis of SE challenges, high level overview to give direction of engagement strategies - 6 stages: o My Role & The Team – my leadership and role and team role o Defining the Task – activities & outputs, desired outcomes o Environment Complexity – define & assess impact of complexity on stakeholders o Identify & Assess – who are they, what are their interests and power? o Plan to Influence – what mechanism can be used, what approach? o Continual Review

Answer 25

- Weekly site inspection reports issued to key client members stating progress / quality of works, actions, next steps, issues - Project progress call every 2 weeks with wider team of stakeholders - Monthly formal project meetings with contractor and wider client team setting out progress, financial matters, client matters and next actions

Answer 26

- List in a contract setting out staff, labour and plant hire rates the contractor will use for pricing cost-reimbursable instructed daywork - Includes OHP - Allows contractors to quote unit rates against a document intended to cover activities within the works Advantages - Variations easier to estimate - Client can stop / start work at a pace determined by cash flow / funding - Larger pool of contractors can tender as process is inexpensive & quick Disadvantages - Additional resources are required to measure work and certify payments - Client does not have financial price when committing to starting work - Contractors may front-load costs in case later work does not materialise

Answer 27

- A document providing cost-specific measured quantities of items identified in drawings / specifications - Preparing a BoQ requires a complete design and specification has been prepared - Quantities listed in BoQ may be measured in terms of number, length, area, volume, weight or time - Prepared as part of tender doc issued to prospective suppliers to obtain a price - Ensures all tenders will price the same quantities, providing fair and accurate system for tendering

Answer 28

- Standard Method for Measurement 7th Edition (SMM7) before July 2013 - After – New Rules of Measurement (NRM) - SMM7 abopted Common Arrangement of Work Sections (CAWS), which is also used for National Building Specification (NBS) - NRM incorporates NRM2 & BCIS instead of CAWS elements

Answer 29

- Fill in a pre-qualification form containing: o Name of company o Directors o Company business – e.g. main contractor projects under / over £500k o Capital o Insurance details and extent of cover o Turnover o Contracts completed in the past 5, 3 and 2 years o Referees o Health and safety info - Be requested to submit case studies of completed work, along with referees

Answer 30

- Patent defects – discoverable by reasonable inspection - Latent defects – cannot be discovered by reasonable inspection – e.g. foundations installed may not have obvious problems until years later when cracking may appear - Runoff cover o Building owner can seek redress up to 6 years from date of breach under hand, 12 years under seal o Limitation Act 1980

Answer 31

* RICS standard form of consultants appointment back to back with Ace Agreement. * Ace agreements – Industry standard documents for appointing sub-consultants and engineering professionals. * Collateral warranties * Subrogation – one party steps in for another, risk to waive subrogation is that the insurer cannot pursue the third party/sub-contractor – higher premiums.

Answer 32

* Designers Risk Assessments. * Feeds into a PCI document which forms the basis of the Contractors Construction Phase Plan.

Answer 33

* Likelihood and impact matrix to inform a RAG (Red Amber Green) status and offer alternative options that may remove or mitigate risk.

Answer 34

* Valuation 4 weeks after possession * JCT places responsibility on the Contractor Administrator (CA) to issue a payment notice no later that five days (calendar) from the due date for payment. The due date for payment is generally seven days from the interim valuation date. The final date for payment is typically 14 days from its due date.

Answer 35

* Used submitted rates, BCIS, competitive comparisons, OHP’s

Answer 36

* Variations / material uplift / unforeseen / statutory requirements / client led changes?

Answer 37

* RAMS, FRA, Insurance, Muster points, H&S file, Fire Marshalls, Fire extinguishers, Fire Watch, Hot works permits, no fires, no smoking. * Designers Risk Assessment * Fire Drills * Keeping escape routes clear, and re-directing routes affected by the site compound and site access routes.

Answer 38

Concrete - Clinker concrete – damp conditions produce sulphuric acid from coal in clinker which corrodes steel joists, leads to loss of section - Masonry encased steel – corrosion of steel frame due to poor protection against moisture, leads to cracking / dislodgement of masonry Timber - External sash windows – susceptible to broke sash cords, damaged counter-weights, lack of maintenance and potential external rot Brickwork - Eroded mortar joints and soft London brickwork - Replacement of defective bricks and repointing with NHL 3.5 for external walls, NHL 5 for ridge / verge tiles, soldier courses on parapets - Damp – penetrating damp through brickwork via defective rainwater goods, parapet wall cracking Roof spread - Occurs when downward pressure of weight of the roof pushes against rafters, moving the structure of the roof - Often occurs when original slate tiles are replaced with concrete, adding weight onto roof

Answer 39

- Incoming lead main pipe - Sash window defects - Poor ventilated ground floor - Lead paint to external timber - Replacement roof / roof spread – sagging timbers can be from replacement of slates with cheap & heavier cement roof tiles - Wet and dry rot - Lack of thermal insulation - Defective slates & nail sickness

Answer 40

- Lack of routine maintenance, broken sash cords, unbalance weights, wet rot externally

Answer 41

- Visual darkening of the wood, cracking along the grain, spongy to touch - Depth of rot ascertained with a bradle tool

Answer 42

- Ensured additional prices were received as quickly as possible - Assessed and issued to client within good time (e.g. 3 days) - Discussed potential impact on programme with contractor and notified client - Additional works instructed towards end of contractor resulted in EoT being claimed

Answer 43

- Submitted rated quantities were included within each tender submission, which ensured prices received were fair - For variation of works not rated (e.g. overhauling external stairs, replacement of railing) o Separate rates submitted for staff, labour, materials and plant - Both rates used in combination to build up a valuation of work undertaken

Answer 44

- No – I set out rates (e.g. for repointing, replacement of soldier courses, parapets, etc) as according to rates set out in SPONS / BCIS - Received rated quantities from each contractor, enabled me to assess I had received a fair price - For non-rated items: I requested quotations from 3no. sub-contractors

Answer 45

- Following my initial inspection, I wrote a report prioritising repairs in respect of health and safety - I proposed the replacement of the roofs and had this checked with the structural engineer - Structural engineer reported their assessment of the building - This provided the basis for the specification

Answer 46

- Preliminaries - Preambles - Schedule of work - Pre-construction information - Drawings – proposed designs for roof replacement, roof re-coverings (pitched & flat), window replacement - LBH’s quality scoring matrix was included as part of the package so tenderers knew how they were being assessed

Answer 47

- Proposed 3no. contractors to client who undertake works of this nature / size - Barker have vetting process which requests they submit details of their: o Turnover o Company information – directors o Similar case studies with references o Information on typical size of projects - Client put forward 3no. contractors of their own - All had to be accredited on Constructionline

Answer 48

- Fill in a pre-qualification form containing: o Name of company o Directors o Company business – e.g. main contractor projects under / over £500k o Capital o Insurance details and extent of cover o Turnover o Contracts completed in the past 2-5 years o Referees o Health and safety info - Be requested to submit case studies of completed work, along with referees

Answer 49

- All tender returns were uploaded onto LBH’s portal - The procurement team within LBH had access to this - They notified of the tender returns & tender return sums the following day

Answer 50

- Produced a tender report which included: o Tender forms & original tender value o Checked arithmetical errors and obvious errors in programme dates and lead-in periods o Checked for obvious errors in pricing between contractors & any qualifications o Clarified any mistakes / errors and wrote a tender report - Tender report included: o List of tenders received o Initial prices submitted o Any qualifications / clarifications identified o Post-tender adjustments and reasonings o Revised tender sums o Comparison of tenders o Recommendation

Answer 51

- Quality assessment based on: o Master programme – programme of works from commencement to completion o Project delivery & personnel – details of experienced site and contracts managers, proposed team structure, CV’s of key personnel highlighting experience o Quality of workmanship o References & details of similar project work o Handover & defects management – process of handing over required documentation (O&M) o Health, safety & welfare information – CDM obligations & COVID o Site establishment, logistics and security

Answer 52

- Confirmed my recommendations in a tender report - Once the client accepted, I contacted the winning tenderer to ascertain their availability for the pre-contract meeting and request lead-in times - Issued a Letter of Intent (after drafting by a legla professional)

Answer 53

- A document used when two parties wish to commence construction works immediately prior to negotiation and formulation of the final building contract - It included: o Requirement to carry out works within a timeframe o Limited the scope – e.g. amount of money contractor can expend

Answer 54

- Limited scope – limiting time / money encouraging contractor to agree a full contract within a certain timeframe – protects employer should a contract not be agreed / signed - Stated contractor should stop works once the limit was reached - Stated the level of public and employer’s liability in addition to all risks insurance - Stated contractor to act in accordance with CDM regulations - Payment provisions – clearly stated payment provisions - Termination – provided for the employer to terminate the contractor’s engagement & confirmed the employer had no obligation to enter into a full contract at the end of the timeframe

Answer 55

- Both parties can have commercial issues to be resolved before contract fully negotiated, leading to parties neglecting these issues so full execution of the contract is never undertaken - This can lead to future disputes and exposure of the parties as LOI does not contain detailed provisions

Answer 56

- Cunningham V Collet (2006) - Where work scope & price are agreed OR there is clear mechanism in place to reach agreement - Where terms and condition are (or are very likely) to be agreed - Where start and finish dates and outline programme are broadly agreed - Where there are good reasons for works to be commenced in advance of contract documents being finalised

Answer 57

- Article of agreement and conditions of contract (signed as a deed) - Working drawings - Specification / schedules of work - Schedule of tender adjustments

Answer 58

- Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 stipulate before any refurbishment / demolition, R&D survey required to determine type, extent and condition of asbestos in buildings constructed before 2000 - It found no asbestos containing materials within the works area

Answer 59

- Working at height – high level works required scaffold o Ensured scaffold was checked by competent scaffolder every week o Scaffold to be adapted as necessary throughout the works - Potential asbestos – R&D survey authorised - Heavy lifting / manual handling – appropriate procedures o E.g. using appropriate PPE / equipment o Sharing heavy loads with others o Taking in turns to lift heavy materials o Use of a hoist to lift onto high level scaffold - Working in an occupied site o Signage throughout the building o Fully closing off the site areas o No authorisation to persons not properly inducted onto the site

Answer 60

- Scaffold over sailed neighbouring properties - Advised the client there was a risk of damages to be claimed from neighbouring properties if there was any consequent damage or otherwise - I obtained quotes from party wall surveyors as this was beyond my competence and presented to the client – the client chose the most competitive price - PW surveyor contacted neighbouring landlords who in turn appointed their own surveyors - An award was agreed following consultation

Answer 61

- Details of protections for the scaffold (monoflex, debris netting, scaffold alarm) - Protections for roofs beneath – condition survey, corex sheeting, timber boarding placed over rooflights - Scaffold for the use for operative purposes only – no storage of materials - Building Owner to indemnify the Adjoining Owner in respect of actions, proceedings, costs, claims and damages however arising during the period on site & maintain public liability insurance throughout the period of the license - Dates that the award was permitted – July 2022 – March 2023

Answer 62

- Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015

Answer 63

- CDM aims to improve health and safety in the industry by:  Having the right people for the right job at the right time  Co-operate and co-ordinate work with others  Have information about risks and how they are being managed  Plan the work so the risks are managed  Consult and engage with workers about risks and how they are being managed.

Answer 64

- Avoid risks where possible - Evaluate those risks that cannot be avoided - Place in proportionate measures that control them at source

Answer 65

- Clients - Domestic Clients - Designers - Principal Designers - Principal Contractors - Contractors - Workers

Answer 66

- Ensure other duty holders are appointed - Sufficient time and resources are allocated - Ensure Relevant information is prepared and provided to other duty holders - Ensure The Principal Designer and Principal Contractor carry out their duties - Ensure Welfare facilities are provided

Answer 67

- Plan, manage and monitor the pre-construction phase and co-ordinate matters relating to Health and Safety - Produce the pre-construction information - Update/prepare the H&S File - Ensure designers comply with their duties - Liaise with the Principal Contractor for the duration of the appointment.

Answer 68

- Plan, manage, monitor and co-ordinate health and safety in the construction phase of a project. - Preparing the Construction Phase Plan - Ensure suitable site inductions are provided - Ensure reasonable steps are taken to prevent unauthorised access - Ensure welfare facilities are provided - Liaise with client and principal designer

Answer 69

- Information in the clients possession which is easily obtainable and relevant to construction work, it may include: o Details of the project team o Information on asbestos, existing structures, access arrangements, fire precautions, emergency procedures, clients activities. o Risks identified during design

Answer 70

- Notification is the responsibility of the Client - In practice, the client may request someone else to do this on their behalf.

Answer 71

- Address of the site - Description of the project - Start date, duration, time allowed by the Client, number of people - Names, addresses and contact details of the duty holders.

Answer 72

- Project details - Programme and key dates - Site induction process and on-site training - Welfare facilities and site compound / security - Site rules / access restrictions / supervision details - Management structure

Answer 73

- A record of information to manage H&S risks during future repair, construction work or demolition

Answer 74

- Only required for projects involving more than one contractor

Answer 75

- A description of the work carried out - Details on residual risk and how thy have been dealt with - Key structural principles - Hazardous materials used - Nature, location and markings of significant services - Information and as built drawings of the building, plant and equipment.

Answer 76

- Planning permission not required – specification was issued to conservation officer as locally listed, who confirmed this - Building Control – approved inspector -

Answer 77

- Based on loss of rent for tenants - Additional fees charged for my involvement

Case Study Flashcards

(103 cards)