CASE STUDY | Lympstone and Toxteth

Question 1

Past connections - Lympstone

Answer 1

• Established by Saxons after forcing out Celts
• Became small port, operating under administration of Exeter
• Focused on shipbuilding, fishing and shellfish
• 19th century - maintained strong sea links, saw beginning of tourism from wealthy families from Exeter and Devon
• Railway built 1861 increased connectivity

Question 2

Past connections - Toxteth

Answer 2

• Established by Saxons
• 1086 - One of a small number of coastal villages along the Mersey
• Following control of King John, it became a large royal hunting forest, remained a fenced off forest for 300 years
• Toward end of 16th century, area was opened for farming
• Small scale industry began around 17th century, making use of water
• Copper works opened 1772
• 18th century ceramics factory opened, river bank became linked to docks and ship building yards
• Part of Toxteth given to housing so a greenfield site could be built: middle class housing, most of which were large villas
• High housing demand 19th century: areas behind villas were cheap, led to cramped back to back housing
• Middle class families moved out, original rural features gone

Question 3

Present connections - Lympstone

Answer 3

growing knowledge economy - positive impact on Lympstone
over 1/3rd of employed residents = managers, officials, directors, professional occupations
Meteorological Office moved to Exeter - 2003 - single largest move of IT equipment in Europe - brought knowledge-based jobs

Question 4

Present connections - Toxteth

Answer 4

employment loss in docks & manufacturing - led to substantial unemployment - led to Toxteth riots - 1981
1980s - initiatives put in place for Toxteth to become a thriving place: - Tate Liverpool opened 1988 - 2008 - European culture capital
waterfront parts have international importance & are recognised as UNESCO world heritage sites

Question 5

Physical geography - Lympstone

Answer 5

• Small settlement in east Devon (15 km south of Exeter)
• Has a small pebble beach
• Extensive tidal mudflats extend out into the Exe estuary (around 1.5km wide at Lympstone)
• Occupies a small valley

Question 6

Physical geography - Toxteth

Answer 6

• River Mersey is fast flowing past Toxteth
• Occupies undulating land rising up from the banks of River Mersey
• Part of Inner Liverpool
• Around 1.5 km south of Liverpool City Centre

Question 7

Built environment - Lympstone

Answer 7

• Residents aim to protect historical architecture
• Harsh planning restrictions on the heart of the village
• Low order shops been converted to housing

Question 8

Built environment - Toxteth

Answer 8

• Houses in close proximity to each other
• Buildings adapted by migrant communities
• Mosques and ethnic retailers present

Question 9

Demography - Lympstone

Answer 9

• 98.9% white
• 16.6 persons per hectare
• 25% of people 65+

Question 10

Demography - Toxteth

Answer 10

• 78% white
• 87.8 persons per hectare
• 11% of people 65+

Question 11

Cultural features - Lympstone

Answer 11

• 67% Christian
• Christian holidays observed

Question 12

Cultural features - Toxteth

Answer 12

• 15% Hindu, large Muslim community

Question 13

Political characteristics - Lympstone

Answer 13

Prevalent parish community - address local issues such as road lighting and equipment in local facilities

Question 14

Political characteristics - Toxteth

Answer 14

Many locals involved in Liverpool Council meetings
Part of Riverside Ward

Question 15

Socio-economics - Lympstone

Answer 15

• 100% of students passed at least 2 a-levels 2015
• 14% of people 16+ have no formal qualifications
• 4% have bad health
• 68/100 own their own home
• 2.3 people per household

Question 16

Socio-economics - Toxteth

Answer 16

• 27.2% of people aged 16+ with no formal qualifications
• 9.4% have bad health
• 24/100 own their own home
• 1.9 people per household

Question 17

Effects of shifting flows of people - Toxteth

Answer 17

• Large amounts of Irish immigration in 1840s-1850s
• 840 000 tourists to Liverpool 2017

Question 18

Effects of shifting flows of resources - Toxteth

Answer 18

• Movement of industrial resources to EDCs / LIDCs led to unemployment, led to riots 1981

Question 19

Effects of shifting flows of money and investment - Toxteth

Answer 19

• £1 billion put into Liverpool ONE redevelopment

Question 20

Effects of shifting flows of ideas - Lympstone

Answer 20

• growth knowledge economy, nearly 1/3 of employed residents hold managerial / official positions
• meteorological office moved to exeter 2003