N232 > Case Study Things > Flashcards

Case Study Things Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

Morphine classification (therapeutic and pharmacologic)

A

Thera - Opioid analgesic

Pharma - Opioid agonist

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2
Q

Morphine indications

A
  • Mod to severe pain
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Pain r/t MI
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3
Q

Action of Morphine

A

Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. Alters the perception of and response to painful
stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression

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4
Q

Onset, peak, duration of PO Morphine

A

Onset - unknown
Peak - 60 min
Duration - 4–5 hr

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5
Q

Onset, peak, duration of IV Morphine

A

Onset - rapid
Peak - 20 min
Duration - 4–5 hr

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6
Q

Nursing considerations of Morphine

A

Assess level of consciousness, BP, pulse, and respirations before and
periodically during administration

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7
Q

Atrovastatin classifications (thera and pharma)

A

Thera - lipid-lowering agents

Pharma - HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

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8
Q

Atrovasatin indications

A
  • Adjunctive management of primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia.
  • Primary prevention of coronary heart disease
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9
Q

Action of Atrovastatin

A

Inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an enzyme
which is responsible for catalyzing an early step in the synthesis of cholesterol

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10
Q

Onset, peak, duration of PO Atrovastatin

A

Onset - unknown
Peak - unknown
Duration - 20–30 hr

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11
Q

Metoprolol classification (thera and pharma)

A

Thera -

Pharma -

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12
Q

Metoprolol indications

A
  • Hypertension, to lower blood pressure
  • Angina Pectoris
  • Heart Failure
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13
Q

Action of Metoprolol

A

Blocks stimulation of beta1 (myocardial) -adrenergic receptors

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14
Q

Classification of Hydrochlorothiazide (thera and pharma)

A

Thera - antihypertensives, diuretics

Pharma - thiazide diuretics

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15
Q

Indications of Hydrochlorothiazide

A
  • Management of mild to moderate hypertension.

- Treatment of edema associated with: HF, Renal dysfunction, Cirrhosis, Glucocorticoid therapy, Estrogen therapy.

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16
Q

Action of Hydrochlorothiazide

A
  • Increases excretion of sodium and water by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule.
  • Promotes excretion of chloride, potassium, hydrogen, magnesium, phosphate, calcium and bicarbonate.
  • May produce arteriolar dilation.
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17
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Onset - 2 hr
Peak - 3–6 hr
Duration - 6–12 hr

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18
Q

Nursing implications for Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Monitor BP, intake, output, and daily weight and assess feet, legs, and sacral area for edema daily

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19
Q

Classification of Furosemide (thera and pharma)

A

Thera - diuretics

Pharma - loop diuretics

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20
Q

Indications of Furosemide

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A
  • Edema due to heart failure, hepatic impairment or renal disease.
  • Hypertension.
21
Q

Action of Furosemide

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A
  • Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule.
  • Increases renal excretion of water, sodium, chloride, magnesium, potassium, and calcium.
  • Effectiveness persists in impaired renal function.
22
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of PO Furosemide

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A

Onset - 30–60 min
Peak - 1–2 hr
Duration - 6–8 hr

23
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of IV Furosemide

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A

Onset - 5 min
Peak - 30 min
Duration - 2 hr

24
Q

Nursing implications of Furosemide

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A
  • Assess fluid status. Monitor daily weight, intake and output ratios, amount and location of edema, lung sounds, skin turgor, and mucous membranes.
  • Monitor BP and pulse before and during administration.
25
Classification of Insulin Lispro (aka Humalog) (thera and pharma)
Thera - antidiabetics, hormones | Pharma - pancreatics
26
Indications of Humalog
Control of hyperglycemia in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus
27
Action of Humalog
- Lower blood glucose by: stimulating glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and fat, inhibiting hepatic glucose production. - Other actions: inhibition of lipolysis and proteolysis, enhanced protein synthesis
28
Onset, peak, and duration of Humalog
Onset - 15 - 30 min Peak - .5 - 1.5 Duration - 3 - 5 *these values were from the skills and technologies textbook...I hope they're the right ones because every resource says something different...
29
Nursing implications for Humalog
- Assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia
30
Classification of Insulin glargine (aka Lantus) (thera and pharma)
Thera - hormones | Pharma - pancreatics
31
Indications of Lantus
Control of hyperglycemia in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
32
Action of Lantus
- Lowers blood glucose by : stimulating glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and fat, inhibiting hepatic glucose production. - Other actions of insulin: inhibition of lipolysis and proteolysis, enhanced protein synthesis.
33
Onset, peak, and duration of Lantus
Onset - 1.5 hour Peak - None identified Duration - Greater than 24 *These values were also taken from the skills and technology textbook...
34
Nursing implications of Lantus
- Assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia
35
Classification of Warfarin (thera and pharma)
Thera - anticoagulants | Pharma - coumarins
36
Indications of Warfarin
- Prophylaxis and treatment of: venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, atrial fibrillation with embolization. - Management of myocardial infarction: decreases risk of death, decreases risk of subsequent MI, decreases risk of future thromboembolic events.
37
Action of Warfarin
Interferes with hepatic synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors
38
Onset, peak, and duration of Warfarin
Onset - 36–72 hr Peak - 5–7 days Duration - 2–5 days
39
Nursing implication of Warfarin
Assess for signs of bleeding and hemorrhage
40
Classification of Ramipril (thera and pharma)
Thera - antihypertensives | Pharma - ACE inhibitors
41
Indications of Ramipril
- Alone or with other agents in the management of hypertension. - Reduction of risk of MI, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes in patients at least 55 years of age who are at high risk of developing a major cardiovascular event
42
Action of Ramipril
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II
43
Onset, peak, and duration of Ramipril
Onset - 1–2 hr Peak - 3–6 hr Duration - 24 hr
44
Nursing implication of Ramipril
Monitor BP and pulse frequently during initial dose adjustment and periodically during therapy
45
Classification of Digoxin (thera and pharma)
Thera - antiarrhythmics, inotropics | Pharma - digitalis glycosides
46
Indications of Digoxin
- Heart failure. - Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter (slows ventricular rate). - Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia.
47
Action of Digoxin
- Increases the force of myocardial contraction. - Prolongs refractory period of the AV node. - Decreases conduction through the SA and AV nodes
48
Onset, peak, and duration of PO Digoxin
Onset - 30–120 min Peak - 2–8 hr Duration - 2–4 days
49
Onset, peak, and duration of IV Digoxin
Onset 5–30 min Peak - 1–4 hr Duration - 2–4 days
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