Brahman was developed in which country?
Developed in Texas, U.S.A
Bos taurus indicus/ Zebu are:
- Indian breeds
- thrives in tropical climate
Bos taurus taurus are:
European breeds
Predominant breed of Brahman
Guzerat
Largest breed of cattle in the world
Chianina
breed that originated in india; with convex-shaped forehead
Gyr/ Gir
Combined attributes of 2 most numerous breeds of cattle in the world
Simmbrah
in temperate regions: the highest milk producers of all the dairy breeds (ave. 4500 L in 1 lactation)
Holstein Friesian
Stocking rate; determine the a.u. (animal unit)
Cow, bull, heifer (above 3 years old)
1 a.u.
Stocking rate; determine the a.u. (animal unit)
Bull, heifer or steer (2-3 years old)
0.75 a.u.
Stocking rate; determine the a.u. (animal unit)
Bull, heifer or steer (1-2 years old)
0.5 a.u.
Stocking rate; determine the a.u. (animal unit)
Calf under 1 year of age
0.25 a.u.
animal milk with highest fat %
Carabao milk - 9.65%
animal milk with highest protein %
carabao milk - 5.26
animal milk with highest lactose %
murrah buffalo milk - 5.48%
gross composition of milk
fat, protein, lactose, ash
HTST (high temp., short time) - 84C for 25 secs
Pasteurization
the portion of milk which remain after removal of the cream in whole or in part
skimmilk
salted VS unsalted butter: which is more prone to rancidity and other defects?
UNSALTED butter is more prone. salt inhibits growth of some bacteria, specifically Pseudomonas spp.
When does dry period start; and what is it
last 2 mos. of pregnancy; dry cows are cows that do not produce milk as they are in their later stage of pregnancy (or has been intentionally taken off milking for a period
ideal weight before mating
250 kg
(350 kg in carabaos/ buffaloes)
