1
Q
The Two Black Years
A
- New CEDA government undoes 2nd Republic reforms.
- Catholic Church power, elites/workers, seperatism state of autonomy abolished.
2
Q
Left reaction to two black years
A
- popular front: psor, pce, ir, ceda.
- general strikes, riots, anarchist violence.
3
Q
2nd public reforms (army)
A
- limit army size, budget (loyalty to republic)
- supress parliamentary power for army
4
Q
2nd republic reforms (church)
A
- seperation of church and state through new constitution
- religious processions are prohibited
5
Q
2nd republic reforms seperatist
A
- statute of autonomy for catalonia in 1932
- basque country statute is underway
- recognition of regional identities
6
Q
2nd republic reforms workers
A
- redistribute unused/large estates to peasants (LATIFUNDIA)
- bridging north/south divide
- industrial work conditions reform hours and wages
- agricultural protections, elites eliminated
7
Q
2nd republic problems
A
- ideological fracturing
- Right wing pish ack (military, conspiracies, coups, riots, church)
- economic crisis
- policies are ineffective
8
Q
factors leading to coup
A
- jose calvo sotelo shot by leftist
- CEDA and falange call coup
- violence, flipping reforms, officers
9
Q
before ww1 causes
A
- landowning: 52% owned by 7%
- Church: conservative, longstanding
- Carlist wars (1833-1876): 3 civil wars, liberal v conservative battle for throne
- tragic week (1909): general strike anarchosyndacliste, army retaliation
- 1st republic (1973-1874): bourbon restoration, secularism, army powerful
10
Q
carlist wars when
A
1833-1876
11
Q
tragic week
A
1909
12
Q
1st republic when
A
1873-1874
13
Q
rivera dictatorship (1923-1930)
A
- supressed seperatism in catalonia
- reliance on landlords
- military martial law = ends constitutional government
- july 17th 1936 coup towards popular front
- success in morocco with french army
- falange fascists
- catholic supremacy
14
Q
black years
A
2,000 deaths
thousands arrested
1934 austurias miners strike
15
Q
1918-1923 conditions
A
- economic development during ww1= led to crisis
- pistoleros
- cortes failed to meet
- political turnover (10 govts)
- conflicts between employers and employees
- industrial unrest (cnt growth)
- primo rivera coup 23
16
Q
during ww1 conditions
A
- spain is neutral
- economic boom
- unemployment decreases
- exports to both sides of war
- 1917 year of unrest
- russian rev. inspires left
- army: colonial war in morocco, divisions juntas and africanists
- spain lacks welfare
- general strikes and trade unions increase
17
Q
long term trends social
A
- left rising vs conservative
- army division
- army influence increasing
l
18
Q
long term trends political
A
- elites vs workers
- general strikes
- rise in unions
- turn to left
19
Q
long term trends economic
A
- boom and bust
- favours elites
20
Q
notable organizations
A
- psoe: socialist
- ugt: socialist workers
- cnt: anarchist
- pce: communist
- poum: marxist
- falange: fascist
- ir: left
21
Q
timeline:
A
- king amadeo
- 1st republic
- king alfonso xii
- king alfonso xiii
- rivera dictatorship
- 2nd republic: provisional govt, CEDA, Popular Front
22
Q
practices
A
- foreign involvement
- white terror / red terror violence
- blitzkreig
- urban and guerrilla warfare
- ideological purges
- holding major cities/ industries/ agricultural
- encircling cities
23
Q
purges:
A
- targeting their own ranks (communists against anarchists)
(nationalists against liberals)
24
Q
white terror
A
exiles, executions,
25
red terror
killing clergy, landowners, 38,000+
26
strategic bombing (blitzkreig)
- supplied by german luftwaffe
- guernica in 1937
27
foreign involvement
- germany and italy (artilery, tanks, planes), portugal, troops
- ussr to republic, int. brigades
28
urban and guerilla warfare
- civillians and fighting for cities (madrid, barcelona)
- untrained armies
29
urban and guerilla warfare
- civillians and fighting for cities (madrid, barcelona)
- untrained armies
30
international brigades numbers
32,000
SCW Causes and Practices
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