What is the scientific name for Ardi?
Ardipithicus ramidus
What was the scientific name for lucy
Australopithicus arfarensis
Starting from the oldest name all the home species
Ardi,Lucy,homohabilis,
Homoerctus, home sapiens
What species was turkana boy?
Homerectus
What are some issues with fossil records
Few organisms for fossils
Fossils can get damaged
The right conditions are needed for fossils to form
How do you work out how old tools are?
Looking at structural features (simpler tools are Older)
Using statography(Older tools are buried deeper)
Carbon dating is used to date items like handles
why do scientists examine the rock layer in which a stone tool was found compared to the rock used to make the stone tool?
-Age of surrounding rock gives age when the
tools were used. (1)
- Age of the stone in a stone tool only gives
information about when that rock was
formed, not when the tool was formed
What is natural selection? And what are the processes of it
Natural selection is the survival of the fittest.
- Variation occurs among the species making them better adapted to someting
- Competition begins for food and mates
- The better adapted members survive
4.the survivors pass on their genes to offspring
- The beneficial genes increase the population
What is resistant bacteria?
When people stop taking antibiotics a variation among the bacteria occur which makes them immune to the antibiotics they then duplicate until the point where u can’t take the antibiotics any more because it doesn’t work
What are the characteristics of fungi,animals and plants
All multicellular all have nuclei
Fungi feed on dead matter
Animals have no cell wall plant do
What are the characteristics of protist and prokaryotic
Protist: mostly unicellur, cells have nuclei and cell walls
Prokaryotic: unicellular , cells have no nuclei but flexible cell walls
What are the 3 domains and explain them
Archae: single celled organisms
Eukarae: multi celled organisms
Bacteria: single celled organisms
What is selective breeding?
Where certain organisms with desirable characteristics are bread together to get more of the trait
What are the positives and negatives of selective breeding?
Increases crop yield -positives
Risk of disease - negatives
What is Genetic engineering?
Is where scientists remove a gene from one organism and insert that gene into the dna of another organism
Explain the genetic engineering of golden rice?
Golden rice is a good with 2 genes inserted into its genome, one from a daffodil and one from a bacterium. It’s special as it produces beta-carotean which is used in vitamin A
What are some negatives of genetic engineering?
Ethical issues with it and could pose health threats
What does insulin treat?
Type 1 diabetes
Describe the genetic engineering of bacteria?
- Restriction enzymes cut into the plasmid at a specific place
- Human insulin is put into the plasmid and ligaments enzymes joins the dna back together
- Cell division occurs duplicating the dna
- The new plasmid is put back into the bacteria
