1
Q
How many and what are the flight control computers on the 380?
A
- 3 Primary Computers (PRIM)
- 3 Secondary Computers (SEC)
6 Total and one can do the job of all either PRIM or SEC
2
Q
What are the PRIM/SEC primary inputs?
A
- ADIRU (Spd,Alt,ATT,Pos)
- SFCC (Slat/Flap position)
- LGERS (wheel speed, gear position, flight phase)
- Hydraulic sensors
Landing Gear Extention and Retraction System (LGERS)
3
Q
What are the PRIM/SEC secondary inputs?
A
- Accelerometers and gyros (Load factor)
- ISIS (monitor ADR)
- RA
- FQMS and WBBC (weight and CG)
Fuel Quantity and Management System (FQMS)
Weight and Balance Backup Computer (WBBC)
4
Q
How are flight control data and indications relayed to crew?
A
FCDC aquire flight control data for display, warning, maintenance, and recording
Flight Control Data Concentrators
5
Q
PRIMs provide:
A
- Compute Flight Control Laws and Characteristic Speeds
- Host Flight Enveope Protection
- Compute LAF
- Control surfaces
- Host AP/FD/ATHR
Load Alleviation Function (LAF)
6
Q
SECs provide:
A
- Control surfaces
- Compute Direct Law
- Control RUD TRIM*
*SEC 1 and 3 only
7
Q
What is the heirarchy in flight controls between the flight computers
A
One PRIM acts as the master processing flight control orders to all other computers which in turn activates their respective actuators.
If the master PRIM fails then any PRIM takes its place
8
Q
Under the A380 FBW concept what are sidestick inputs translated into?
A
Roll: rate of roll demand
Pitch: load factor demand
Rudder: Sideslip demand
9
Q
How is flight surface movement done?
A
Sidestick or AP demands a certain maneuver from the master PRIM which in turn orders all other computers to activate their respective actuators using pre-set laws and limitations
10
Q
What is the funtion of LAF and how does it achieve said function? When is it inhibited
Load Factor Alleviation Funtion
A
LAF reduces fatigue and static loads on the wings by reducing their bending moment. It complements Normal Law.
It utilizes PTA and ATA to achieve that
Inhibited in CONFIG FULL and active above 190kts
Passive/Active Turbulence Alleviation (PTA/ATA)
11
Q
What is Passive Turbulence Alleviation (PTA)?
A
It reduces static loads in turbulence by symmetrically deflecting the ailerons and or outward spoilers upwards (which can be added to a roll order)
outward spoilers are the last three
12
Q
What is Active Turbulence Alleviation (ATA)?
A
Reduces fatigue and static loads by damping wing bending which is done by symmetrically deflecting the ailerons upwards. (Can be added to roll/PTA order)
13
Q
What are the phases of Normal Law?
A
- Ground Law
- Rotation Law
- Flight Law
- Flare Law
- Derotation Law
14
Q
Normal Law
What are the control input relationships in Ground Law?
A
Lateral control is a direct relationship in both roll and yaw with full authority (Think flight control check)
15
Q
Normal Law
What is the control input relationships in Rotation Law?
A
Is a direct relationship between the sidestick position and elevator position, without auto trim. It also minimizes the risk of tail strike by added dampening. No rotation law for roll it goes directly to flight law
16
Q
Normal Law
What is the control input relationships in Flight Law?
A
Pitch is a load factor (G load) demand with auto trim, Roll is a roll rate demand with full flight envelope protection.It is active from lift off for the roll and 5 s later for the pitch (progressively during 5 s).
17
Q
Normal Law
What is the control input relationships in Flare Law?
A
Provides a direct relationship between control inputs and surfaces, giving full elevator authority, without auto trim.It is active below 100 ft
18
Q
Normal Law
What is the control input relationships in Derotation Law?
A
Operates at touch down to provide a smooth derotation and avoid a hard nose wheel touch down. The the A/C transitions back to ground and rotation law at touchdown
19
Q
What are the protections the A380 has in Normal Law?
A
- Load Factor Protection
- High Speed Protection
- Pitch Attitude Protection
- Bank Angle Protection
- High AOA Protection
20
Q
What are the pitch limitations in Normal Law? Can they be overridden?
A
- Pitch up: 25-30 degrees
- Pitch down: 15 degrees
nose up limit depends on configuration and speed
21
Q
The Flight Director (FD) on the PFD will disappear when pitch attitude exceeds:
A
- 25º Up
- 13º Down
22
Q
Which normal law protection takes priority over all other?
A
High AOA Protection
23
Q
When is the low energy warning active?
A
- Below 2500 RA
- Above 200 ft RA for take off and 100 ft for landing
- In CONF 2/3/FULL
- In ALL F/CTL Laws
(At least one PRIM, ADIRS, RA Available)
24
Q
What is the minimum speed that can be reached with A/THR and without?
A
With: VLS
Without: Valphamax
25
When will A/P disconnect in the realm of high AOA protection?
When speed reaches Valphaprot
26
What speed is manitained when High AOA protection is active when sidestick is released?
Flight computers will maintain V alpha prot
27
What are the two levels of high AOA protection?
1st Level V alpha prot
2nd Level V alpha max
28
When is alpha floor protection active?
Liftoff until 100 RA in Landing
29
What additional consideration is given when alpha floor activates with one or two engines faulty?
When TOGA is commanded it is only done so on symmetrical engines that arent faulty. When two engines are faulty AFLOOR protection is only available when the faulty engines arent on the same wing
30
How can a pilot reach V alpha max? What is special when flying in V alpha max in regards to the flight control demand?
When he overrides the alpha prot with the sidestick. Even if the stick is fully aft the A/C will maintain V alpha max and the sidestick demand becomes an AOA rather than a load factor demand
31
What happens when a pilot releases the sidestick at V alpha max?
The speed will return to V alpha prot
32
What will happend to the A/THR logic when AFLOOR activates followed by being out of the alpha floor triggering condition (AOA reduced below threshold)?
It reverts to TOGA LK
33
When does the overspeed warning/protection activate?
Warning: VMO/MMO+4
Protection: reaching the green dashes above the barber pole VMO/MMO+10
34
What happens to the A/C when high speed protection activates?
* Pitch Trim freezes
* AP disconnects
* Maximum bank angle limited to 45º
35
can the pilot override the high speed protection in Normal Law?
No
36
What are the speed targets of the high speed protection?
Sidestick full forward: 365kt/M0.94
Sidestick released: 350kt/M0.91
| AP disconnects at 355/0.93
37
What is the VD / MD of the A380?
| Design Speed
VD 375kts
MD 0.96M
38
How does extending the speed brakes or selecting **speed** in an overspeed scenario affect the autoflight logic in cruise?
The A/THR Soft Mode will deactivate to make the A/THR more responsive
39
How do the speed brakes react when nearing the VMO/MMO?
They extend at VMO/MMO-5kts and retract to the speed brake lever position when below that speed
40
To what bank angle limit does the bank angle protection allow a pilot to fly? (Also include when FD’s appear and reappear at high AOB)
Clean: 67 º
High Lift config: 60 º
| FD's will dissapear when AOB exceeds 45º and come back below 40º AOB
41
What happens when the pilot releases the sidestick at AOB higher than 33º?
The AOB protection returns the A/C back to 33 degrees
| auto trim is inhibited above 33º AOB
42
What AOB the aircraft will go to when side stick is released in high AOA/Speed protections? And what about with roll input
Wings level
| otherwise AOB limited to 45 degrees when inputs are made
43
What aural caution is related to AOB protection?
"BANK BANK" callout active during Flare Law below 100RA
44
How many reconfiguration Laws are there?
* Alternate Law (ALTN 1 & 2)
* Direct Law
* Electrical Backup
* Abnormal Attitude Law
45
Reconfig laws differ from Normal law in which areas?
* Pitch
* Turn Coord/Yaw damping
* Roll
* Protections
* AP/ATHR availability
46
What is lost in Alternate Law ?
## Footnote
what are some replaced with?
Protections: AOA, High Speed, AOBº and Pitchº
| ºAOB Prot remains in ALTN 1
º Pitch attitude prot may be lost
## Footnote
High AOA protection replaced with "Low Speed Stability"
High Speed Protection replaced with "High Speed Stabiliy"
47
What protections and warnings remain with Alternate Law ?
* Load Factor protection
* Low energy/high speed warning
* Bank angle protection in **ALT 1**
## Footnote
High AOA protection replaced with "Low Speed Stability"
High Speed Protection replaced with "High Speed Stabiliy"
48
What are the control laws around pitch, roll and yaw in ALTN 1 and 2?
ALTN 1: similar to Normal Law
ALTN 2: Pitch Normal, Roll Direct, Yaw Alternate
49
What is are low/high speed stability?
Similar to Normal Law protection but differs only in that they can be **overriden** by the pilot.
A nose down demand is given 5-10 kts above stall speed
A nose up demand is given above VMO/MMO
50
What is Direct Law?
Occurs after multiple failures and is when flight control input is a direct relationship between the sidestick and controls.
| Speed Limited to 310kts
51
What is lost in Direct law and what remains?
Lost: AP, Autotrim and all protections
Remain: Overspeed, Low energy and Stall warnings .Turn Coordiantion and Yaw Damping
52
1) When does Abnormal Law engage? What control laws does it activate and 3) what happens when it is recovered?
Pitch: Above +50º or below -30º
AOB > 120º
IAS > 420 kts or < 70kts
Mach > 0.96 or < 0.1
| 2) Laws: Pitch and Roll are Direct, Yaw is Alternate
## Footnote
3) When recovered the A/C will be in ALTN 1 law for the remainder of the flight
53
Wha happens to flight controls when all PRIMs and SECs are lost?
The backup control system provides control and stability of the aircraft through the Backup Control Module (BCM)
54
What does Backup Control Module (BCM) control?
The BCM controls the inner ailerons, outer elevators, THS and rudders.
55
What powers the BCM?
| Back up control module?
The BCM is powered by two Backup Power Supply (BPS). The BPSs are electrical generators driven by the Yellow and Green hydraulic system respectively
56
What other secondary flight control functions remain under backup control?
As hydraulic power is still available, the conventional servo controls are operative.
Pitch trim and dutch roll damping are available.
57
What flight law exists to protect aircraft which are already outside the protected envelope once in due exceptional circumstances?
In this case, specific control laws are activated to ensure aircraft recovery and to allow a safe continuation of the flight.
The aircraft is in direct law and reverts to alternate law after recovery and for the remainder of the flight.
| Abnormal Attitude Law
58
How many slats are on each wing on the A380?
6 Slats and 2 droop nose panels on the wing root leading edge
| Total 8 on each wing
59
How many flaps are on each A380 wing?
3 Flaps on each wing
60
What **actuates** the Slats and Flaps?
* Slats: One Electrical one Hydraulic Motor (Green)
* Flaps: 2 Hydraulic Motors (G+Y)
| Electrical Slats motor is connected to the AC ESS Bus bar
61
What system **controls** and **monitors** the Slats/Flaps?
The slats are monitored and controlled by two slats systems.
The flaps are monitored and controlled by two flaps systems.
62
How do the Flap/Slat control systems work?
Each of the four systems has a SLAT (FLAP) control and a motor.
Each SLAT CTL monitors the SLATS and controls the motor.
In case of one SLAT CTL failure, the remaining SLAT CTL controls both motors. FLAPS operate in the same way
63
What is the architecture of the SFCC?
| Slat Flap Control Computer (SFCC)
Slat control 1 and flap control 1 are part of SFCC 1.
Likewise slat control 2 and flap control 2 are part of SFCC 2.
64
In additional flight controls are incorporated with slats/flaps in high lift configurations?
When the slats and flaps are extended, the ailerons droop 5 degrees in order to increase lift.
This new neutral position is indicated by white rings on the aileron scales.
65
What safety systems are incorporated into the **flaps**?
* Auto Retraction System (ARS)
* Auto Extension System (AES), and
* Flap Load Relief System (FLRS).
66
What safety systems are incorporated into the **slats**?
The slats have an α/speed lock function that inhibits slats retraction to zero at high AOA or at low speed.
67
What does the Auto Retraction System (ARS) and Auto Extention System (AES) do?
In CONF 1+F when the speed reaches** 212 kt,** the Auto Retraction System (ARS) retracts the flaps to CONF 1.
In CONF 1, the Auto Extension System (AES) automatically extend the flaps to CONF 1+F when the speed goes below **205 kt**.
## Footnote
In case of high-weight take off, the S speed will be greater than 212 kt, so the ARS will activate.
68
What does the Flap Load Relief System (FLRS) do?
The Flap Load Relief System (FLRS) retracts the flaps to the next retracted flap position when speed exceeds **VFE+2.5 kt.**
The FLRS is available in **CONF 2, 3, FULL.**
**At VFE-2.5 kt,** the flaps automatically return to their selected position.
69
What added feature to the Flaps lever add a layer of redundancy in case of the lever is jammed?
The FLAPS lever includes an override mechanism that is used in case the FLAPS lever is jammed. The override mechanism allows to extend the slats/flaps by one step
To use the override mechanism, the flight crew moves the lever one step with a strong force, without pulling the lever out of detent.
| The override mechanism is reversible.
70
What happens when the flap lever is accidentally moved in cruise?
| cruise above the extension max altitude
If the speed is above VFE of CONF 1 or the altitude more than 22 000 ft, the **cruise baulk function** will maintain the slats and flaps fully retracted if the slats/flaps lever is inadvertently moved to 1.
71
What commands the spoliers?
At least one PRIM or SEC
72
How are armed spoilers indicated on the PFD?
73
When are ground spoliers inhibited on the ground?
72kts or lower
74
What are the arming conditons for ground spoilers to fully activate on landing?
At touchdown, with at least three main landing gears compressed **and** thrust levers at idle.
75
Any special consideration of only one landing gear is compressed in regards to ground spoilers at touchdown?
When at least one landing gear is compressed, the ground spoilers will extend partially, thereby decreasing the lift and compressing all main landing gear legs.
76
When will the ground spoilers retract after being activated at touchdown or RTO?
* 2 Levers above CLB
* All levers at IDLE and disarming the speed brake lever manually
77
Which spoilers assist in roll control?
| And which spolier function has priority roll or speedbrake?
3-8 with a lower deflection than of RTO
## Footnote
Roll control has priority over speed brake function
78
In flight, what will determined the maximum deflection of the speed brakes?
Gross weight and altitude
79
# Speed brakes
Do all the spoilers deflect equally in flight?
No, spoliers 1 and 2 have a lower deflection
80
When will speedbrakes automatically retract? And how to extend again when that happens
* A. FLOOR
* Low Speed **stability**
* G/A initiated
## Footnote
To extend again, return to RET position for at least 5 s after above conditions disappear
81
When will the caution about "SPD BRKs STILL EXTENDED" come?
* Below 800 RA after 5s deployment
* When deployed with and engine above idle for > 50s
82
What will affect the other spoilers if one is faulty?
The symmetrical spoilers of faulty ones are inhibted
83
Primary flight control surfaces include:
* Three ailerons per wing
* Eight spoilers per wing
* One Trimmable Horizontal Stabilizer (THS)
* Two elevators on each side of the horizontal tail plane, and
* Two rudders.
84
Any consideration when rudder is applied with differential braking?
When the differential braking is greater than 50 %, the rudder is deflected in addition to the rudder pedal orders.
85
Which flight controls are used in electrical backup?
* THS
* Rudders
* Inner Ailerons
* Outer Elevators
86
Who has the priority when both pilots press the sidestick takeover pb?
The last pilot to press it
87
What flight control surfaces are used for the Load Factor Alleviation Function?
All the ailerons and the outer spoilers
88
How long should a pilot press on their respective takeover pb to de-activate the other's sidestick? how is it reversed?
Hold pb for 40s. Can be reveresed by pressing **any** of the takeover pb's after that
89
When are the pitch trim switches active?
On ground or in Direct Law
90
True or False, Low energy warning is available in ALL flight control laws.
True
91
What are the types of hydraulic servo controls available on the A380?
* Conventional Servocontrol
* Electro Hydro-static Actuator (EHA)
* Electrical Backup Haydraulic Actuator (EBHA)
92
How are the hydraulic servo conrols powered on the A380?
* Green or Yellow HYD
* Electrical AC
93
How many servo controls are dedicated to the primary and secondary flight controls?
| Ailerons, THS, Elevator, Rudders (Primary) and Spoilers (Secondary)
* Primary Controls: Both **active** and **backup** servo control
* Secondary (Spoilers): Single **ACTIVE** servo control
94
# Refer Q 88 for EHA/EBHA
Describe the role of the EHA
| Electro-Hydrostatic Actutators.
They are basically backup servo controls to the convetional hydraulic servos for the **Ailerons** and **Elevators**. They use electrical power to pressurize their own hydraulic fluid from a dedicated reservoir.
95
# Refer Q 88 for EHA/EBHA
Describe the role of the EBHA
| Electrical Backup hydraulic actuators
They are utilized by both **Rudders** and one **spoiler**. They operate normally as a conventional servo but have a backup electrical actuator to act like an EHA when hydraulic power is lost .
| basically a combo of both conventional HYD and EHA
## Footnote
Spoiler 6
96
What happens of all PRIMs are lost?
There is no master SEC. Each SEC activates its respective actuators independetly
97
When extending the SPEED BRAKEs, what effect does it have on VLS speed?
A388 CBT EK Pre-Join
flashcards
Decks in class (20)
# Cards
-
CBT- F-PLN25
-
CBT- COMM Technologies17
-
CBT-OIS/NSS14
-
CBT- F/CTRL97
-
CBT- AFS63
-
CBT- EFIS10
-
CBT- NAV OANS43
-
CBT - Performance16
-
CBT - Bleed7
-
CBT - ELEC16
-
CBT - Engines (Both)26
-
CBT - Braking37
-
CBT - PRESS14
-
CBT - ROW ROPS10
-
CBT - Landing Gear24
-
CBT - ECAM9
-
CBT - Anti Ice and Oxygen12
-
CBT - Fire Protection10
-
CBT - HYD11
-
CBT - Fuel55
