CC5 Ionic Bonding

Question 1

Why do atoms transfer electrons in ionic bonding?

Answer 1

So that they can have full outer shells

Question 2

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when lithium bonds with fluorine

Answer 2

One electron transferred from lithium to fluorine

Question 3

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when magnesium bonds with oxygen

Answer 3

Two electrons transferred from magnesium to oxygen

Question 4

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when beryllium bonds with oxygen

Answer 4

Two electrons transferred from beryllium to oxygen

Question 5

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when magnesium bonds with chlorine

Answer 5

One electron transferred from magnesium to two different chlorine atoms

Question 6

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when sodium bonds with oxygen

Answer 6

Two electrons transferred to an oxygen atom from two different sodium atoms

Question 7

Once ions have been formed by transferring electrons what force holds the ions together?

Answer 7

The electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 8

Why don’t sulphur ions and oxygen ions form ionic bonds with each other?

Answer 8

Both have negative charges so would repel

Question 9

What is the name for a substance made of billions of oppositely charged ions joined together?

Answer 9

Giant ionic lattice

Question 10

In ionic bonds, electrons are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 10

transferred

Question 11

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when lithium bonds with chlorine

Answer 11

One electron transferred from lithium to chlorine

Question 12

What charge will an ion of lithium take?

Answer 12

1+
(one electron in the outer shell, needs to lose it)

Question 13

What charge will an ion of beryllium take?

Answer 13

2+
(two electrons in the outer shell, needs to lose them both)

Question 14

What charge will an ion of barium take?

Answer 14

2+
(group 2 so two electrons in the outer shell, needs to lose them both)

Question 15

What charge will an ion of fluorine take?

Answer 15

1-
(7 electrons in the outer shell, needs to gain one)

Question 16

If something has gained electrons, what charge will it have?

Answer 16

Negative

Question 17

If something has lost electrons, what charge will it have?

Answer 17

Positive (because they have lost a negative!)

Question 18

What charge will an ion of oxygen take?

Answer 18

2-
(6 electrons in outer shell so needs to gain two)

Question 19

What is an ion?

Answer 19

an atom which has lost or gained an electron

Question 20

How many electrons, protons and neutrons in a sodium ion Na⁺ ?

Answer 20

11 protons, 12 neutrons, 10 electrons

Question 21

If a compound name ends in -ide what does this show?

Answer 21

It is a compound made of 2 elements only.

Question 22

If a compound name ends in -ate what does this show?

Answer 22

It is a compound made of 3 elements including oxygen.

Question 23

What elements are in sodium sulfate?

Answer 23

Sodium, sulfur and oxygen

Question 24

How many electrons, protons and neutrons in an oxygen ion O^2- ?

Answer 24

8 protons, 8 neutrons, 10 electrons

Question 25

How many electrons, protons and neutrons in a chloride ion Cl- ?

Answer 25

17 protons, 18 neutrons, 18 electrons

Question 26

How many electrons, protons and neutrons in a magnesium ion Mg²⁺ ?

Answer 26

12 protons, 12 neutrons, 10 electrons

Question 27

What elements are in potassium hydroxide?

Answer 27

potassium, oxygen and hydrogen

Question 28

What elements are in iron carbonate?

Answer 28

iron, carbon and oxygen