CCNA Volume 1 > CCNA Volume 1 Chapter 6 > Flashcards

CCNA Volume 1 Chapter 6 Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

What is the definition of a LAN?

A

A group of interconnected devices in a limited area, such as an office

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2
Q

What is the role of a switch in a LAN?

A

To connect devices within a LAN

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3
Q

What is a Layer 2 PDU?

A

A frame, including the Layer 2 header, trailer, and payload

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4
Q

What do switches use to make forwarding decisions?

A

Information in the Layer 2 header (the Ethernet header)

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5
Q

What is the MAC address table?

A

A table used by switches to store MAC addresses of devices and their associated ports

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6
Q

What is MAC learning?

A

The process by which switches learn the MAC addresses of devices in the network

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7
Q

What is frame flooding?

A

When a switch sends a frame to all ports because it does not know the destination MAC address

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8
Q

What is the purpose of the ping utility?

A

To test the reachability of a host on a network

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9
Q

What are the contents of the Ethernet header?

A

Destination, Source, and Type/Length fields

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10
Q

What is the trailer of an Ethernet frame composed of?

A

A single field: the Frame Check Sequence (FCS)

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11
Q

What is a MAC address?

A

A type of address used by Layer 2 protocols such as Ethernet and Wi-Fi

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12
Q

How long is a MAC address?

A

6 bytes (48 bits) in length

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13
Q

What format is typically used to write MAC addresses?

A

Hexadecimal format

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14
Q

True or False: A MAC address is assigned by the network admin.

A

False

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15
Q

What does the Type/Length field indicate?

A

The type of the encapsulated packet or the length of the encapsulated packet

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16
Q

What is the EtherType field used for?

A

To indicate the type of the encapsulated packet, usually IPv4 or IPv6

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17
Q

What is the significance of a value of 1500 in the Type/Length field?

A

It indicates the length of the encapsulated packet in bytes

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18
Q

What is the Frame Check Sequence (FCS)?

A

A field used to detect corrupted data in the frame

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19
Q

What algorithm is used to calculate the checksum for the FCS?

A

Cyclic redundancy check (CRC)

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20
Q

What is the significance of the first 3 bytes of a MAC address?

A

They are an organizationally unique identifier (OUI) assigned to the manufacturer

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: The Preamble is ______ in length.

A

7 bytes

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22
Q

What is the function of the Preamble and Start Frame Delimiter (SFD)?

A

To allow the receiving device to synchronize its receiver clock

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23
Q

What does the Source field in the Ethernet header contain?

A

The source MAC address of the frame

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24
Q

How are MAC addresses typically represented?

A

As 12 hexadecimal characters

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25
What happens if the checksums calculated by sender and receiver differ?
The receiver discards the frame due to data corruption
26
What is the purpose of a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)?
To check if the frame traveled from source to destination without data corruption ## Footnote The CRC algorithm calculates the checksum to ensure data integrity during transmission.
27
What does the Source field in the Ethernet header help a switch do?
It helps the switch build its MAC address table by associating MAC addresses with the ports they were received on ## Footnote This process is known as MAC address learning.
28
What are dynamic MAC addresses?
MAC addresses that are automatically learned by a switch ## Footnote In contrast to static MAC addresses, which are manually configured.
29
What happens to a dynamic MAC address after 5 minutes of inactivity?
It is removed from the MAC address table, a process called MAC aging.
30
What is a MAC address table also known as?
CAM table ## Footnote CAM stands for content addressable memory.
31
What is the command to view a Cisco switch’s MAC address table?
show mac address-table
32
What does a switch do when it receives a known unicast frame?
It forwards the frame out of the appropriate port specified in the MAC address table.
33
What is an unknown unicast frame?
A frame addressed to a single destination host, but the switch doesn’t have an entry for the destination MAC address in its MAC address table.
34
What does it mean to flood a frame?
To send it out of all ports, except the port the frame was received on.
35
What is the difference between a unicast frame and a broadcast frame?
A unicast frame is addressed to a single destination host; a broadcast frame is addressed to all hosts in the LAN.
36
How do PCs learn each other's MAC addresses?
By using Address Resolution Protocol (ARP).
37
What are the two types of messages involved in ARP?
ARP request and ARP reply.
38
What type of frame is an ARP request sent as?
Broadcast frame.
39
What type of frame is an ARP reply sent as?
Unicast frame.
40
What does the Type column in the MAC address table indicate?
Whether the MAC address was dynamically learned (DYNAMIC) or statically configured (STATIC).
41
What command is used to clear all dynamic MAC addresses from a switch’s MAC address table?
clear mac address-table dynamic
42
What is the maximum supported speed of Ethernet ports?
10 Mbps
43
What is the maximum supported speed of FastEthernet ports?
100 Mbps
44
What is the maximum supported speed of GigabitEthernet ports?
1 Gbps
45
What is the maximum supported speed of TenGigabitEthernet ports?
10 Gbps
46
In Cisco devices, how are ports named?
Indicating maximum supported speed followed by one to three numbers.
47
What is the role of the Source field of the Ethernet header in MAC address learning?
It creates an entry for the MAC address in the MAC address table, associating it with the port the frame was received on.
48
What happens when a switch receives a frame but doesn't have an entry for the destination MAC address?
The switch floods the frame, hoping to reach the destination.
49
What is the effect of a switch being transparent to connected hosts?
Hosts address messages directly to each other, not to the switch.
50
What is a CAM table?
A MAC address table that stores MAC addresses and associated ports.
51
What is the default VLAN for MAC addresses in a Cisco switch’s MAC address table?
VLAN 1
52
What does PC1 use to learn PC3’s MAC address?
ARP
53
What type of message does PC1 send to learn PC3’s MAC address?
ARP request addressed to the broadcast MAC (ffff.ffff.ffff)
54
What do SW1 and SW2 do with the ARP request?
They flood the frame
55
What happens when PC3 receives the ARP request?
PC3 sends an ARP reply to PC1
56
What do switches do with known unicast messages?
They forward them out of the appropriate port
57
What is a broadcast domain?
A group of devices that receive broadcast messages from each other
58
What does ARP map?
A known Layer 3 address (IP address) to an unknown Layer 2 address (MAC address)
59
What is stored in PC1’s ARP table after the ARP exchange?
PC3’s MAC address
60
What is the command to send a ping message?
ping ip-address
61
What protocol does Ping use?
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
62
What are the two messages used by Ping?
ICMP echo request and ICMP echo reply
63
What does Ping measure?
Round-trip time (RTT) between two hosts
64
What does the FCS field in the Ethernet trailer do?
Allows the receiving host to check for errors in the frame
65
What is the purpose of the Type/Length field in the Ethernet header?
Indicates the type of the encapsulated packet or the length of the packet
66
What is a unicast frame?
A frame addressed to a single host
67
What happens if a switch doesn't receive a frame from a dynamic MAC address for 5 minutes?
The entry is removed from the MAC address table (MAC address aging)
68
How can you view the MAC address table of a Cisco switch?
Using the show mac address-table command
69
Fill in the blank: A device doesn’t have to use ARP every time it sends a message. After it has used ARP to learn another device’s MAC address, it stores that information in its _______.
ARP table
70
What do MAC addresses consist of?
12 characters in hexadecimal format
71
What is the first half of a MAC address called?
Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI)
72
What does a switch use to build its MAC address table?
The source MAC address field of frames it receives
73
What indicates a successful ping in the output of a ping command?
An exclamation mark (!) for each successful ICMP echo reply
74
True or False: ARP requests are unicast messages.
False
75
What does a broadcast message do?
It is sent to all devices in the broadcast domain
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