1
Q
Smallest unit of protoplasm capable of independent existence
A
Cell
2
Q
Aka plasmalemma
A
Cell membrane
3
Q
Made up of trilaminar structure
A
Cell membrane
4
Q
Antiphagocytic property of cell
A
Capsule
5
Q
Protection against osmotic pressure
A
Cell wall
6
Q
Acts as a permeability barrier
A
Cell membrane
7
Q
Responsible for cellular form and permeability
A
Phospholipids
8
Q
Acts as receptors,ion pumps and enzymes
A
Proteins
9
Q
States that the membrane proteins are globular and float like iceberg in a sea of lipid
A
Fluid mosaic model of singer and nicholson
10
Q
Composition of lipid bilayer
A
Phospholipid
Glycolipid
Cholesterol
11
Q
Extrinsic protein that is defective in hereditary spherocytosis
A
Spectrin
12
Q
Confers antibiotic resistance and encodes for exotoxin
A
Plasmid
13
Q
For attachment and conjugation
A
Pili
“Pilit”
14
Q
Dynamic structure of the cytoskeleton
A
Microtubule
15
Q
Functions of microtubules
A
Movement within the cell
Cell shape
Beating of cilia and flagella
16
Q
Contains organelles and inclusions suspended in a fluid medium called cytosol
A
Cytoplasm
17
Q
Glycoproteins and polysaccharide covering the external surface of the cell membrane
A
Glycocalyx
18
Q
Most important function of glycocalyx
A
Histocompatibility
19
Q
Properties of organelles
A
Metabolically active
Carry out specific essential functions
Essential
Bound by a membrane
20
Q
Properties of inclusions
A
Metabolically inert
Accumulation of cell products
Dispensable
Not bounded by a membrane
21
Q
Properties of eukaryotic cell
A
True nucleus w/nuclear membrane Linear DNA and RNA G and S phase in cell cycle Mitochondria and organelles 80s ribosome (60 and 40s)
22
Q
Largest organelle of the cell
A
Nucleus
23
Q
Contains the genetic material of the organism
A
Nucleus
24
Q
Components of nucleus
A
Chromatin
Nucleolus
Nucleoplasm
Nuclear membrane
25
Site of DNA replication and transcription
Nucleus
26
Site of ribosomal RNA production
Nucleolus
27
Complex of DNA, histones and non histones proteins
Chromatin
28
Type of chromatin that is condensed,inactive and dark
Heterochromatin
29
Type of chromatin which is active, dispersed and light
Euchromatin
30
Barr body
Heterochromatin
31
States that all but 1 X is inactivated
Lyon hypothesis
32
Klinefelter syndrome has how many barr bodies?
1
33
Non disjunction of x chromosome during meiosis resulting in 47 xxy
Klinefelter syndrome
34
Intracellular digestive system
Lysosome
35
Aka microbodies
Peroxisomes
36
Rod/sausage shaped organelle
Mitochondria
37
Powerhouse of cell
Mitochondria
38
Site of ATP synthesis
Mitochondria
39
Principal biochemical activity of mitochondria
Oxidative phosphorylation
40
Site of oxidative phosphorylation
Inner mitochondrial membrane
41
Membranous organelle that contains no ribosomes
Smooth ER
42
Synthesis of cell membrane phospholipids
Smooth ER
43
Synthesis of steroid hormone
Smooth ER
44
Site of drug and alcohol detoxification
Smooth ER
45
Site of fatty acid elongation/synthesis
Smooth ER
46
Participate in calcium fluxes associated with muscle contraction
Smooth ER
47
Site of protein synthesis
Rough ER
48
Outer nuclear membrane is continuous with:
Rough ER
49
Site of synthesis of secretory, membrane proteins and enzymes
Rough ER
50
Site of Co translational modification
Rough ER
51
Saucer shaped cisternae
Golgi apparatus
52
Stacks of membranous cisternae with CIS and TRANS face
Golgi apparatus
53
Site of protein sorting and packaging
Golgi apparatus
54
Site of post translational modification
Golgi apparatus
55
Site of further processing,concentration and packaging of protein
Golgi apparatus
56
Site of mRNA translation into amino sequence
Free ribosomes
57
Non membrane bound vesicles
Free ribosomes
58
Command center of cell
Nucleus
59
Most abundant form of chromatin
Euchromatin
60
Contains their own set of DNA
Mitochondria
61
Sequestration and release of calcium ions in striated muscles
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
62
Consists of large and small subunits
Free ribosome
63
Synthesis of steroid hormones,phospholipid and Triglycerides
Smooth ER
64
Involved in production of CoA, TCA and beta oxidation
Mitochondria
65
Cell's garbage disposal system
Lysosome
66
Contains oxidative enzymes and site of hydrogen peroxide production
Peroxisome
67
Contains hydrolytic enzymes
Lysosome
68
Disease associated with mitochondrial genome defect
MELAS: Metochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke like symptoms
69
Defect in peroxisomes wherein there is defective beta oxidation of very long chain fatty acid
Zellweger syndrome
70
Defective enzyme in zellweger syndrome
Pipecolate oxidase
71
Involved in beta oxidation of long chain fatty acids
Peroxisome
72
Suicide bags
Lysosome
73
Catalase is the major enzyme
Peroxisome
74
Participate in bile acid synthesis
Peroxisome
75
Acid hydrolase is the major protein
Lysosome
76
Enzymes are produced in free ribosome
Peroxisomes
77
Enzymes are produced in RER
Lysosome
78
Drug detoxification
Smooth ER
79
Very abundant in ovaries,testis, adrenals
Smooth ER
80
Abundant in neurons
Rough ER (nissl bodies)
81
Abundant in pancreas and thyroid gland
Rough ER
82
Abundant in red muscles
Mitochondria
83
Site of protein synthesis destined for the nucleus,peroxisome and mitochondria
Free ribosomes
84
Site of synthesis for secretory proteins,membrane proteins and lysosomal enzymes
Rough ER
85
Involved in membrane cycling
Golgi apparatus
86
Composed of actin
Microfilament
87
Consists of circularly arranged A and B tubulin proteins
Microtubules
88
Demonstrate tissue specificity and may be used as pathological markers
Intermediate filaments
89
Thinnest of all cytoskeleton
Microfilament - composed of actin "acthin"
90
Involved in spindle formation during meiosis and mitosis
Microtubule
91
Ciliary and flagellar movement
Microtubule
92
Muscle contraction
Microfilament (contain actin)
93
Function inhibited by amanita mushroom toxin
Microfilament
94
Syndrome characterized by Microtubule dysfunction
Chediak higashi syndrome
95
Recurrent pyogenic infection,albinism and peripheral neuropathy
Chediak higashi syndrome
96
Support of the cell
Cytoskeleton
97
Mechanical support for cell
Participate with myosin in muscle contraction
Exocytosis and endocytosis
Microfilament
98
Tumor markers
Intermediate filament
99
Link/INTERconnect ECM,cytoplasm and nucleus
INTERmediate filament
100
Basic unit of microtubule
Tubulin
101
Anti inflammatory drug acting on microtubule
Colchicine
102
Antifungal that acts on microtubule
Griseofulvin
103
Antifungal that can cause cancer
Griseofulvin
104
Antineoplastic drug that act on microtubule
Vinblastine
Vincristine
Taxanes
105
Drugs that inhibit 30s subunit
Aminoglycoside
| Tetracycline
106
Drugs that inhibit 50s subunit
```
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin (macrolides)
Lincosamide (clindamycin)
Linezolid
Streptogrammins
```
107
ATPase activity for movement of vesicles toward axon terminal
Kinesin
108
ATPase activity for movement of vesicles toward cell body
Dynein
| "You live in the past-you die"
109
Anterograde transport
Kinesin
| "DR-KA"
110
Retrograde transport
Dynein
| DR-ka
111
ATPase activity for elongation of nerve axons
Dynamin
112
Defective dynein
Kartagener syndrome
113
Bronchiectasis,situs inversus, sinusitis
Kartagener syndrome
114
Tumor marker for epithelial cell origin
Cytokeratan
115
Tumor marker for endothelial cell,vascular smooth muscle,fibroblast and chondroblast
Vimentin
| V=vascular
116
Tumor marker for skeletal and smooth muscle (sarcoma)
Desmin
117
Tumor marker for neurons
Neurofilament
118
Tumor marker for glial cells (astrocytes, oligodendrocyte,schwann cell)
Glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP)
119
MC primary brain tumor in adult
Astrocytoma (glioblastoma multiforme)
120
Prevents diffusion of material across an epithelium
Zonula occludens/tight junctions
121
Leaky junctions
Glomerulus
122
Tight junctions
Blood brain barrier
123
Form belts connecting actin with cadherin (calcium dependent adhesion protein)
Zonula adherens
124
Loss of e-cadherin would lead to
Metastasis
125
Attach 2 adjoining cells with an attachment plaque called desmoplakin
Desmosome/macula adherens
126
Autoantibodies against desmosomes
Pemphigous vulgaris
127
Metabolic and electrical coupling of cells. Found nearly in all tissues except skeletal muscle
Gap junctions
128
Does cancer cells have gap junctions?
No
129
Autoantibodies against hemidesmosome
Bullous pemphigoid
130
Disease with + nikolsky sign
Pemphigous vulagris
| TEN
131
Disease with negative nikolsky sign
Bullous pemphigoid
132
Primary ciliary dyskinesia
Kartagener syndrome
133
Functions in movement of fluid with back and forth motion
Cilia
134
Locomotion of cell
Flagella
135
Seen brush border, contains actin
Microvilli
136
Long microvilli seen in vas deferens, hair cells of inner ear and epididymis
Stereocilia
137
Special type of cilia on apex of haircells of inner ear
Kinocilium
138
Antibiotics that destroy kinocilium
Aminoglycosides
139
Function to increase cell surface area
Microvilli
140
Maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the internal environment
Homeostasis
Triad Subjects
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