Cell Bio

Question 1

Algea cells

Answer 1

-wall made of cellulose

Question 2

Size eukaryotic cell

Answer 2

10-100x10-6m

Question 3

Prokarytic cell size

Answer 3

0.1-5x10-6m

Question 4

How are muscle cell adapted to function

Answer 4

• lots mitochondria

- long- muscles can contract

Question 5

How are sperm cells adapted to function

Answer 5

• Enzymes- digest cell membrane egg
• long tail and streamlines head- allow quick movement
• lots mitochondria

Question 6

How are nerve cells adapted to their function

Answer 6

• branched connectionns- connect to other cells, form networks
• axon- long- carry rapid signalling

Question 7

Root hair cell adaptations to function

Answer 7

• no chloroplasts as underground

- large sa- projections

Question 8

Prokaryotic cells are

Answer 8

-bacteria

Question 9

Euaryotic cells are

Answer 9

• plant
• algea
• fungi
• animal

Question 10

Prokaryoic cells dont have

Answer 10

• mitochondria,
• nucleus
• chloroplasts
• diff dna/nucleus -single loop, plasmid

Question 11

Structures baterial cells have

Answer 11

• cell membrane
• cell wall
• slime capsual- stick to surfaces
• plasmid DNA
• single loop dna
• pili-adhesive and reproduction
• flagellum- move

Question 12

Specialised cells

Answer 12

Has aquired diff sub-cellular structures to enable it to carry out a specific function

Question 13

Mature cell division

Answer 13

For growth and repair

Question 14

Electron microscope

Answer 14

• much higher resolution
• not incolour- but light microscope is
• high reso power
• enables cells to be studied in much greater detail

Question 15

Uses of human stem cells

Answer 15

-treatments of diabetes and apralysis

Question 16

Types of human stem cells

Answer 16

• blastacyst/embyonic
• theraputic cloning- -put nucleus of patient into egg cell- reduce rejection
• umbilical cord- store if think needed

Question 17

Phloem

Answer 17

• live cells, elengated
• translocation-food
• pourous end walls- two way flow
• cell sap
• from leaves to growing regioins in plants for immediate use or storage as starch

Question 18

Xylem

Answer 18

• dead
• no end walls
• walls strengthened with lignin
• transpiration- mineral ions and water

Question 19

Meristem-where found

Answer 19

• stem cells in plants
• tips of plants/ shoots
• roots as well

Question 20

Uses of plant stem cells

Answer 20

• easy and quick to clone plants
• rare species can be cloned to prevent extinctio
• grow crops which need special features such as disease resistance