Cell division

Question 1

mitosis

Answer 1

produces 2 genetically identical daughter cells

Question 2

interphase

Answer 2

• increase in size
• new organelles made
• protein synthesis
• dna replication

Question 3

genetic stability

Answer 3

cells have same number of chromosomes as parent cell, daughter cells are exact replica of parent

Question 4

prophase (mitosis)

Answer 4

• chromosomes condense+ visible
• spindle forms
• breakdown of nuclear envelope

Question 5

metaphase (mitosis)

Answer 5

• chromosomes line up on equator

- attached to spindle by centromeres

Question 6

anaphase (mitosis)

Answer 6

• chromosomes separate

- chromatids pulled to opposite poles of cell by centromere

Question 7

telophase (mitosis)

Answer 7

• uncoil elongate called chromosomes
• spindle fibre breaks down
• nuclear envelope forms

Question 8

genetic variation

Answer 8

for species to survive in constantly changing environment

Question 9

prophase (meiosis)

Answer 9

• condense and become visible
• maternal+paternal chromosomes come together
• wrap around each other at chiasmata
• swap sections of DNA (crossing over)
• spindle forms

Question 10

metaphase (meiosis)

Answer 10

• bivalents line up on either side of equator

- independent assortment

Question 11

independent assortment

Answer 11

chromosomes line up in 2 possible way, random, gives different combinations

Question 12

anaphase (meiosis)

Answer 12

• homologous chromosomes pulled to opposite poles
• spindle fibres shorten
• centromeres do not divide

Question 13

telophase (meiosis)

Answer 13

-nuclear envelope reforms

Question 14

prophase (meiosis II)

Answer 14

• nuclear envelope breaks down
• chromosomes condense
• spindle forms

Question 15

metaphase (meisois II)

Answer 15

• chromosomes line up on equator

- independent assortment

Question 16

anaphase (meiosis II)

Answer 16

• centromere divides

- chromatids pulled to opposite poles

Question 17

telophase (meiosis II)

Answer 17

• nuclear envelope reforms

- chromsomes lengthen and no longer visible