Is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle
Cell division
The cell that is dividing is called:
Parent cell
The cell divides into two ________ cells
Daughter cell
Cells divide basically for three reasons:
A) For the growth and development of our body
B) To repair the dead and damaged tissue
C) For reproduction
The two processes that cells of higher organisms use:
- Mitosis
- Meiosis
The process that cells use to make exact replicas of themselves
Mitosis
Is observed in almost all the body’s cells, including eyes, skin, hair and muscle cells
Mitosis
2 daughter cells, 22 pairs of chromosomes
Mitosis
In this type of cell division, sperm or egg cells are produced with haploid set of chromosomes
Meiosis
4 daughter cells, 23 chromosomes
Meiosis
Diploid means:
23 complete pairs
Haploid means
23 Chromosomes
–Longest phase
–18-20 hours in typical cell cycle
–90% of cell’s life is spent here
Interphase
How long does G1 phase last?
8-12 Hours
How long does S phase last?
6-8 Hours
How long does G2 phase last?
2-4 Hours
–Cells grow in size
–Produces protein and organelles
–Perform normal cell function
–Checkpoint: Cell checks if conditions are favorable to divide
G1 Phase
–DNA replicated
–Each chromosome becomes two sister chromatids
–Essential because each daughter cell must get complete DNA
S Phase
–Further cell growth
–Produces proteins needed for division
–DNA is checked for errors and damage
–Final preparation before mitosis
G2 Phase
The phase where the:
–Chromosomes condense
–Spindle fibers form
–Chromosomes are captured by spindle
Prophase
Are specialized microtubules radiating out from centrioles
Spindle Fibers
Is where the spindle fibers’ microtubules attach
Kinetochore
cylindrical organelle near the nucleus that occur in pairs and are involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division
Centrioles
To detect chromosomal abnormalities
Karyotyping
