MCB > Cell Migration > Flashcards

Cell Migration Flashcards

(17 cards)

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1
Q

Why do cells migrate?

A
  • Embryonic development
  • Axon guidance
  • Tissue repair
  • Immune defence
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2
Q

How do fibroblasts move in tissue repair?

A
  • Migrate into wound space and form fibrin clot
  • Convert into myofibroblasts
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3
Q

Give 2 types of disease cell migration is implicated in

A
  • Cancer
  • Inflammatory diseases
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4
Q

What is the general model for cells migrating?

A
  • Cells polarise
  • Push front of cell forawrd
  • Adhere via focal adhesions
  • Retract the back of the cell
  • Detach from substrate at rear
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5
Q

Which end of Actin is favoured for growth?

A

Barbed (positive) end

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6
Q

Outline Brownian Ratchet mechanism for membrane protrusion

A
  • Actin filaments wobble just beneath plasma membrane
  • as they wobble away from plasma membrane a new actin monomer can bind
  • As polymer goes back it can push membrane forwards
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7
Q

What destabilises actin filaments?

A

Energy released by hydrolysis of ATP

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8
Q

What actin subunits are prefertially depolymerised?

A

ADP-actin

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9
Q

How does F actin stay the same length?

A

Treadmilling of actin due to nucleotide hydrolysis which acts as an inbuilt timer of filament stability

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10
Q

How is ADP actin removed from F actin?

A

ADP actin is recognised by enzymes which hydrolyse actin monomers

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11
Q

What is the rate limiting step of actin polymerisation?

A

Nucleation

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12
Q

What acts as a nucleus for polymerisation of actin?

A

A 4th actin monomer binding to actin trimer and stabilising it

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13
Q

Once an actin polymer has started how do monomers add on?

A

Spontaneously

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14
Q

What accessory protein is involved in the sequestration of actin subunits?

A

Thymosin

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15
Q

What does profilin do?

A

Prevent actin from binding to minus end so supports barbed end only elongation

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16
Q

How does profilin ensure actin only binds to barbed end?

Study These Flashcards
A

Binds to side of actin monomer opposite ATP binding site

17
Q

What happens to profilin once actin has bound to filament?

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A
  • Conformational change occurs and profilin is lost
  • Can go on and bind another actin monomer
  • Catalyses exchange of ADP for ATP
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