cell structure

Question 1

what does the vesicle do?

Answer 1

• membrane bound sac that transports materials into, our of or within the cell

Question 2

what is the cell membrane?

Answer 2

• outer boundary of the cell
• separates cell from neighbouring cells and from the external enviroment
• double membrane

Question 3

what is the golgi body?

Answer 3

• Packaging centre for proteins

- Sorts and packages proteins tin vesicles for secretion out of the cell

Question 4

what is the mitochondria?

Answer 4

• release energy from the cell through the process of respiration

Question 5

what is the cytoplasm?

Answer 5

• thick fluid in the membrane

- all structures are suspended in it

Question 6

what is the cytosol?

Answer 6

• liquid part of the cytoplasm

Question 7

what are organelles?

Answer 7

• specialised structures suspended in the cytoplasms

Question 8

what are centrioles?

Answer 8

• Cell organelle that aids in cell division in animal cells only

Question 9

what does smooth ER do?

Answer 9

• synthesises lipids

- not covered in ribosomes

Question 10

what does rough ER do?

Answer 10

• Has ribosomes

- Modifies and transports proteins within the cell

Question 11

what do ribosomes do?

Answer 11

• extend through the cytoplasm and connect the cell membrane with the nuclear membrane
• surface on which chemical reactions can occur
• Used for storage or transport of materials
• Aids in making and transporting lipids and breaking down toxic substances
• Has NO ribosomes

Question 12

what is the cell theory?

Answer 12

• States that all organisms are made up of cells which are the basic unit o life, arise from pre – existing cells

Question 13

what is the nucleus?

Answer 13

• Contains genetic material (DNA)

- Separated from the cytoplasm by a nuclear membrane

Question 14

what are ribosomes?

Answer 14

• Very small and spherical
• May be free in cytoplasm but most are attached to membranes
• Packets of RNA that are the site of protein synthesis

Question 15

what is the nucleolus?

Answer 15

• Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes

Question 16

what is a lysosome?

Answer 16

• Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes

Question 17

what are flagella?

Answer 17

• a long, whip-like filament that helps in cell motility

- Many bacteria are flagellated

Question 18

what are cilia?

Answer 18

• Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion

Question 19

what are microtubules?

Answer 19

• A hollow rod composed of tubulin proteins that hold cell organelles in place of move them around the cell

Question 20

what is the vacuole?

Answer 20

• Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates