Cell structure

Question 1

what are the components of an animal cell? (5)

Answer 1

• cytoplasm
• nucleus
• ribosomes
• mitochondria
• cell membrane

Question 2

how is the cytoplasm related to its function? (2)

Answer 2

• contains dissolved nutrients ,salts and structures called organelles.
• it is where many of the chemical reactions occur.

Question 3

how is a nucleus related to its functions?

Answer 3

-contains genetic material, including DNA, which controls the cell’s activities.

Question 4

how is a cell membrane related to its function? (2)

Answer 4

• permeable to some substances but not to others

- controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 5

how is a mitochondria related to its function? (2)

Answer 5

• contains the enzymes for respiration,

- where most energy is released in (aerobic) respiration.

Question 6

how are ribosomes related to their function?

Answer 6

-tiny structures where protein synthesis occurs.

Question 7

what are the components of a plant cell? (8)

Answer 7

• cytoplasm
• nucleus
• vacuole
• mitochondria
• cell membrane
• cell wall
• chloroplast
• ribosomes

Question 8

how are chloroplasts related to their function? (2)

Answer 8

• contains chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
• contains the enzymes needed for photosynthesis.

Question 9

how is a cell wall related to its function?

Answer 9

-provides structure and protection to the cell

Question 10

what are ONLY plant cell walls made out of?

Answer 10

-only plant cell walls are made from cellulose.

Question 11

how is a permanent vacuole related to its function?

Answer 11

-filled with cell sap to help keep the cell swollen.

Question 12

do animal cells have vacuoles? and what is the difference between them and plant vacuoles?

Answer 12

• yes, they do have vacuoles

- plant cell vacuoles are large and permanent, animal cell vacuoles are small and temporary

Question 13

how is Chromosomal DNA related to its function?

-where is it not contained?

Answer 13

• contains the genetic material (DNA) of a prokaryotic cell

- the nucleus

Question 14

how is Plasmid DNA related to its function? (2)

Answer 14

• small, closed-circles of DNA present in the cytoplasm.

- can move from one bacterium to another giving variation.

Question 15

how is the flagella related to its function?

Answer 15

-can rotate or move in a motion which enables the bacterium to move.

Question 16

what are organelles?

Answer 16

specialized structures that perform various jobs inside cells

Question 17

comparison of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells: genetic material

Answer 17

eukaryotic: DNA in a nucleus.
prokaryotic: DNA is a single molecule, found free in the cytoplasm(chromosomal). additional DNA is found in the plasmids.

Question 18

comparison of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells: type of cell division

Answer 18

eukaryotic: mitosis
prokaryotic: binary fusion

Question 19

components of a bacterial cell: (6)

+additional one

Answer 19

• cell wall
• cell membrane
• cytoplasm
• chromosomal DNA
• plasmid DNA
• ribosomes

-flagellum