Define nucleus.
The organelle that contains the cell’s genetic material and controls cellular activities.
True or false: Chloroplasts are found in animal cells.
FALSE
Chloroplasts are present in plant cells and some protists, not in animals.
Fill in the blank: The cell membrane controls _______ in and out of the cell.
substances
What is the function of the mitochondria?
They produce energy through cellular respiration.
Define ribosomes.
Small structures that synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA.
True or false: Bacterial cells have a nucleus.
FALSE
Bacterial cells are prokaryotic and lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum?
It synthesizes proteins and lipids and transports them within the cell.
Fill in the blank: The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages _______.
proteins and lipids
Define lysosomes.
Organelles that contain digestive enzymes to break down waste materials.
What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?
They store nutrients, waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure.
True or false: Plasmids are found in both plant and animal cells.
FALSE
Plasmids are small DNA molecules found primarily in bacteria.
What is the cell wall?
A rigid outer layer that provides structure and protection in plant cells.
Fill in the blank: Cytoplasm is the gel-like substance that fills the _______.
cell
Define peroxisomes.
Organelles that detoxify harmful substances and metabolize fatty acids.
What is the role of centrioles?
They assist in cell division by organizing the mitotic spindle.
True or false: Plant cells have both chloroplasts and mitochondria.
TRUE
Plant cells perform photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
What is the function of the plasma membrane?
It regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Fill in the blank: Cilia and flagella are used for _______ in some cells.
movement
Define nucleolus.
A structure within the nucleus where ribosomal RNA is produced.
What is the function of secretory vesicles?
They transport materials to be secreted from the cell.
True or false: Eukaryotic cells have a defined nucleus.
TRUE
Eukaryotic cells include plant, animal, and fungal cells.
What is the role of cytoskeleton?
It provides structural support and aids in cell movement.
Fill in the blank: Flagella are long, whip-like structures used for _______.
locomotion
Define cell theory.
The theory that all living organisms are composed of cells, which are the basic units of life.
