Cells

Question 1

Define animal cell.

Answer 1

A eukaryotic cell that lacks a cell wall and contains membrane-bound organelles.

Question 2

Define plant cell.

Answer 2

A eukaryotic cell with a rigid cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole.

Question 3

True or false: Chloroplasts are found in animal cells.

Answer 3

FALSE

Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis and are unique to plant cells.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The nucleus contains _______.

Answer 4

DNA

Question 5

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 5

It regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 6

True or false: Both plant and animal cells have mitochondria.

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

What is the role of the cell wall?

Answer 7

It provides structural support and protection to plant cells.

Question 8

Define cytoplasm.

Answer 8

The jelly-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: Ribosomes are responsible for _______.

Answer 9

protein synthesis

Question 10

What is the function of the vacuole in plant cells?

Answer 10

It stores nutrients, waste products, and helps maintain turgor pressure.

Question 11

True or false: Animal cells have a large central vacuole.

Answer 11

FALSE

Animal cells may have small vacuoles, but they are not central or large.

Question 12

What is the role of chlorophyll?

Answer 12

It captures light energy for photosynthesis in plant cells.

Question 13

Define endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

Answer 13

A network of membranes involved in protein and lipid synthesis.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The Golgi apparatus modifies and _______ proteins.

Answer 14

packages

Question 15

What is the function of lysosomes?

Answer 15

They contain enzymes that digest waste materials and cellular debris.

Question 16

True or false: Plant cells can perform photosynthesis.

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

What is the primary function of mitochondria?

Answer 17

They generate ATP through cellular respiration.

Question 18

Define plasma membrane.

Answer 18

A selective barrier that regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: Cytoskeleton provides _______ to the cell.

Answer 19

structure

Question 20

What is the function of peroxisomes?

Answer 20

They break down fatty acids and detoxify harmful substances.

Question 21

True or false: Plant cells have centrioles.

Answer 21

FALSE

Centrioles are typically found in animal cells and are involved in cell division.

Question 22

What is the role of nucleolus?

Answer 22

It produces ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembles ribosomes.

Question 23

Define photosynthesis.

Answer 23

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The cell theory states that all living things are made of _______.

Answer 24

cells

Question 25

What is the function of **chromatin**?

Answer 25

It packages DNA into a smaller volume to fit in the nucleus.

Question 26

True or false: Both cell types have **DNA**.

Answer 26

TRUE

Question 27

What is the role of **cellular respiration**?

Answer 27

It converts biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP.

Question 28

Define **eukaryotic cell**.

Answer 28

A cell with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The **smooth ER** is involved in _______.

Answer 29

lipid synthesis

Question 30

What is the function of **flagella**?

Answer 30

They enable movement in some cells, like sperm.

Question 31

True or false: Animal cells have a rigid **cell wall**.

Answer 31

FALSE

Question 32

What is the role of **cell division**?

Answer 32

It allows for growth, repair, and reproduction of cells.

Question 33

Define **organelles**.

Answer 33

Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions.

Question 34

Fill in the blank: **Cilia** are short, hair-like structures that aid in _______.

Answer 34

movement

Question 35

What is the function of **transport proteins**?

Answer 35

They help move substances across the cell membrane.

Question 36

True or false: Plant cells can store **starch**.

Answer 36

TRUE

Question 37

What is the role of **glycoproteins**?

Answer 37

They play a key role in cell recognition and signaling.

Question 38

Define **cellular differentiation**.

Answer 38

The process by which a cell becomes specialized for a specific function.

Question 39

Fill in the blank: The **nuclear envelope** surrounds the _______.

Answer 39

nucleus

Question 40

What is the function of **aquaporins**?

Answer 40

They facilitate water transport across cell membranes.

Question 41

True or false: Both cell types can perform **cell signaling**.

Answer 41

TRUE

Question 42

What is the role of **secretory vesicles**?

Answer 42

They transport materials to the cell membrane for secretion.

Question 43

Define **homeostasis**.

Answer 43

The maintenance of stable internal conditions in a cell.

Question 44

Fill in the blank: **Endocytosis** is the process of _______ substances into a cell.

Answer 44

bringing

Question 45

What is the function of **exocytosis**?

Answer 45

It expels materials from the cell.

Question 46

True or false: Plant cells have **chloroplasts** for photosynthesis.

Answer 46

TRUE

Question 47

What is the role of **cell signaling**?

Answer 47

It allows cells to communicate and coordinate responses.

Question 48

Define **apoptosis**.

Answer 48

The process of programmed cell death.

Question 49

Fill in the blank: The **cytoskeleton** is made up of _______.

Answer 49

microfilaments and microtubules

Question 50

What is the function of **cell junctions**?

Answer 50

They connect cells and allow communication between them.