Cells

Question 1

Who was the first person to see cork cells?

Answer 1

Robert Hooke

Question 2

The scientist that coined the term “cell”

Answer 2

Robert Hooke

Question 3

Leeuwenhoek was responsible for

Answer 3

being the first man to see “living/moving” cells in pond water

Question 4

These three scientists are responsible for coming up with modern cell theory

Answer 4

Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow

Question 5

What are the three parts of cell theory?

Answer 5

1. All living things are made up of cells
2. Cells are the basic unit of life
3. New cells can only come from existing cells

Question 6

True or False: Living cells can arise from other cells, even if they are no longer living.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Does not contain any membrane bound organelles

Answer 7

Prokaryote

Question 8

Has no nucleus

Answer 8

Prokaryote

Question 9

The earliest type of cell

Answer 9

Prokaryotes

Question 10

What type of cell is only found in bacteria?

Answer 10

Prokaryote

Question 11

Why does the volume to surface area ratio matter to cells?

Answer 11

• The volume increases faster than the surface area.
• If the volume gets too big, the surface area won’t be large enough and the cell won’t be able to expel enough waste or import enough nutrients

Question 12

Why are cells small?

Answer 12

1. The ratio of volume to surface area limits how large the cell can be
2. The nucleus can only control a certain amount of cytoplasm

Question 13

Contains membrane bound organelles

Answer 13

Eukaryote

Question 14

Has a defined nucleus

Answer 14

Eukaryote

Question 15

Is found in more complex organisms

Answer 15

Eukaryote

Question 16

These types of cells are able to specialize

Answer 16

Eukaryote

Question 17

What is cell specialization?

Answer 17

The ability of eukaryotic cells to do one specific function (ex. heart cell, nerve cell, blood cell)

Shape is related to function

Question 18

What are the two main parts cells are divided into?

Answer 18

The nucleus and the cytoplasm

Question 19

The organelle responsible for containing the cell’s DNA

Answer 19

Nucleus

Question 20

Which organelle contains the instructions for making proteins?

Answer 20

The nucleus

The instructions are found in the DNA

Question 21

Surrounds the nucleus, lets things in and out

Answer 21

Nuclear membrane

Question 22

What is the function of the nucleolus?

Answer 22

The inner portion of the nucleus that is responsible for the production of ribosomes

Question 23

The jelly-like substance outside of the nucleus where most chemical reactions take place

Answer 23

Cytoplasm

Question 24

Which organelle functions like roadways in the cell by transporting materials?

Answer 24

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 25

Helps in making lipids

Answer 25

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 26

What is the function of the golgi apparatus?

Answer 26

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials (UPS)

Question 27

Contains digestive enzymes

Answer 27

Lysosome

Question 28

What is the function of the lysosome?

Answer 28

Cleans up dead/excess materials (janitor)

Question 29

The powerhouse of the cell

Answer 29

Mitochondria

Question 30

Which organelle uses materials to make energy for the cell?

Answer 30

Mitochondria

Question 31

What is the function of the ribosome?

Answer 31

Makes proteins

Question 32

Stores water and other materials

Answer 32

Vacuole

Question 33

Do NOTHING except during \_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 33

Centrioles; cell division

Question 34

Help maintain the shape of the cell

Answer 34

Cytoskeleton

Question 35

**_Flexible_** material that surrounds the cell, allows things in and out

Answer 35

Cell Membrane

Question 36

***Rigid*** structure outside of the cell membrane; supplies structure and strength to the cell

Answer 36

Cell Wall

Question 37

Chloroplasts' function are to

Answer 37

Use energy from the sun to do photosynthesis (make plant food)

Question 38

How are cilia different from flagella?

Answer 38

Cilia are **hair-like** structures that form around the outside of the entire cell Flagella are **whip-like (tails)** and only a couple of them can be found on the outside of some cells Both are organelles for cell movement

Question 39

Why are cells small?

Answer 39

1. They're limited by the ratio of surface area to volume (volume increases faster than surface area) 2. The nucleus can only control a certain amount of active, living cytoplasm