What is the function of the cell?
- REPLICATE: increase the size of the organism by dividing the cells.
- REPLACE: divide to make more cells when cells die or are damaged.
- REPAIR: fix the damaged cells.
- STORE ENERGY type molecules which release energy needed to perform essential functions (e.g. Digestion)
What are the types of cells?
- UNICELLULAR: organisms made up of one cell (e.g. Bacteria)
- MULTICELLULAR: organisms made up of two or more cells(e.g. Humans)
What are the common characteristic structures of a cell?
- Cell membrane
- Cytoplasm
- *Cell wall [only found in plant cells]
- Organelles
What is a cell membrane?
- Thin boundary/ structure which surrounds the cell.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
- Controls what goes into and comes out of the cell.
2. SEMI-PERMEABLE: only some substances to enter and leave the cell.
What is the cytoplasm?
- Jelly-like granular substance in which most of the cells activities are carried out.
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
- Provide structural support to the contents of the cell.
What is the cell wall and where is it only found?
- Only found in plant Cells
- Surrounds the outside of the cell membrane.
- Non-living layer made up of cellulose.
What is the function of the cell wall?
- Provides protection against damage and infestation.
2. Helps to maintain the shape of the cell, while providing strength and support.
What are organelles?
- Small structures found inside the cells which have specific functions.
What is a nucleus?
- A larger, darker, circular shape found in the cytoplasm.
What is the function of the nucleus?
- Controls all the functions of the cell
2. Houses the hereditary material (genes)
What is a vacuole?
- A cavity surrounded by a membrane and filled with cell sap (water and mineral salts)
What is the function of the vacuole?
- Stores cell sap.
2. In plants- keeps the cell firm and turgid.
What is a chloroplast?
- A cell which is only found in plants.
2. Small structures which contain green pigment.
What is the function of a chloroplasts?
- Responsible for the conversion of radical energy into chemical energy, called photosynthesis.
What are mitochondrion?
- Small oval structures which are enclosed by a double membrane.
What are the functions of the mitochondrion?
- Converts stored food into energy.
2. This is called respiration.
What is a cell?
- The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
