what is a mutation
random mistake that causes a change in the structure of DNA, or the structure or the number of chrmosomes
what is a point mutation
when one base is changed
what is subsitution
swapping of one or bases for another base. This changes one triplet and maybe one amino acid
what is deletion
loss of one or more bases. Causes a frame shift
what is a frame shift
where the entire genetic code is changed by one base
what is insertion
the addition of a new base causes a frame shift
what is a silent mutation
often occuring in non coding regions called introns. These do not code for a protein so cant are unlikely to have an effect
Degenerate code may mean that single base subsitution doesnt change amino acid translated
May also code for similar amino acids that wont change the tertiary structure.
what are missense mutations
Causing a change in an amino acids in a protein causing it to be less effective or not function at all. Normally due to frame shift
