Cellular Revision

Question 1

Lipid soluble molecules find it quite ____ to pass through the lipid bilayer (membrane).

Answer 1

• Easy

Question 2

Passive transport because all molecules moving down their _______.

Answer 2

• Gradient

Question 3

ATP provides energy to change the _____ of a carrier protein.

Answer 3

• Shape

Question 4

What is the endomembrane system and how does it work?

Answer 4

• Endoplasmic reticulum (smooth = tubular + rough = elongated sacs)
• Rough = making proteins to put on cell surface or move outside
• Smooth = doesn’t make proteins but can do all other things, drug metabolism, cells can change the level of their various organelles
• Vesicles from ER goes to CIS Golgi, attach baggage tags, Leave from TRANS
• Walk into the bar a cis person, leave as a trans person???
• One example is go out of the cell, have lysosomes fuse to exocytoted vesicle
• Membrane around mitochondria (vesicle left cell, exocytosis), now lysosome fuses and breaks down mitochondria and uses it for other things

Question 5

Cytoskeleton:

Answer 5

• Microtubules

- ETC.

Question 6

Outside the cell there is…

Answer 6

• Extracellular matrix
• Looks vaguely cytoskelton-y
• Collagen, big tough fibers

Question 7

Get familiar with these three junctions:

Answer 7

• Tight
• Desmosomes
• Gap

Question 8

Mitochondria:

Answer 8

• Electrons via NADH —-> Glycolysis (Glucose —-> Pyruvate) some energy is released
• Pyruvate Oxidation —> Citric Acid Cycle —-> Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 9

H+ ions turn ….

Answer 9

• ATP synthase turbine