Cerebrospinal fluid
- support
- protection (shock absorber)
- transport/nutrition
Contains glucose, protein, salt, urea
Excess is reabsorbed into the blood stream
Formed in the blood
Formation of CSF
Formed in the brain’s ventricles
Protection of the CNS
- cranium and vertebral column
- meninges
- cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebrum
Cerebral cortex is grey matter (outer layer)
Inside the white matter
Basal ganglia is inside the white matter
Basal ganglia
internal grey matter
Cerebral cortex areas
sensory, motor, and association areas
Sensory area (cerebral cortex)
interprets impulses from the senses
Motor area (cerebral cortex)
muscular movements
Association area (cerebral cortex)
intellectual, emotional responses
Cerebellum
- posture and balance - receives information from the inner ear
- coordination of voluntary movement - receives sensory info from stretch receptors in muscles
Layers of the meninges
cranium, dura mater, arachnoid, sub arachnoid, pia mater
Spinal cord meninges
has the same protection as the brain, bu the dura mater isn’t connected to bone; epidural space contains fat, connective tissue, vessels
Spinal cord
A column that runs from the foramen magnum to L2 - around 44cm long
Afferent nerves
to the CNS from the receptor Sensory neurons (unipolar)
Efferent nerves
From the CNS to muscle Motor neurons (multipolar)
Interneurons
connector, association neurons
bipolar
Hypothalamus
Lies in the middle of the brain, mostly concerned with homeostasis
regulates ans, body control, food and water intake, urinary contractions, sleeping patterns
Functions of cerebral cortex
- thinking, reasoning, learning
- memory
- intelligence
- sense of responsibility
- perception of the senses
- initiation, control of voluntary muscle contraction
