TOX321 > CEPA > Flashcards

CEPA Flashcards

(25 cards)

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1
Q

What is CEPA?

A

Canadian Environmental Protection Act 1999 whose main goal is to contribute to sustainable development

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2
Q

What are some examples to why the CEPA 1999 was better than CEPA 1998?

A

phasing out harmful substances, risk assessment, management of toxic substances, regulation of atmospheric emissions

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3
Q

What is the bill that amended CEPA 1999?

A

Bill S-5

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4
Q

What is a key aspect of CEPA?

A

Prevention and management of risks posed by toxic and other harmful substances

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5
Q

What are the first 5 CEPA guiding principles?

A
  1. Sustainable development
  2. Pollution prevention
    3.Virtual elimination
  3. Ecosystem Approach
  4. Precautionary Principle
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6
Q

What are the last 4 CEPA guiding principles?

A
  1. Intergovernmental cooperation
  2. National Standards
  3. Polluter Pays
  4. Science based decision makign
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7
Q

Describe the guiding principle of sustainable development.

A

having a clean healthy environment that meets the needs of the current generation without compromising the needs of future generations

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8
Q

Describe the guiding principle of virtual elimination.

A

chemicals that are persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic and are primarily from a result of human activity must be below limits of detection

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9
Q

What legislation is in place to carry out pollution prevention and virtual elimination?

A

Chemicals Management Plan

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10
Q

Describe the guiding principle of ecosystem approach.

A

whole ecosystem under the definition of ecology and not politics should be focused on

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11
Q

Describe the guiding principle of precautionary principle.

A

where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage full certainty is not a justified excuse to save money

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12
Q

Describe the guiding principle of intergovernmental cooperation.

A

all forms of government must cooperate to ensure actions are complementary

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13
Q

Describe the guiding principle of national standards.

A

standards for chemicals are implemented, updated and added over time

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14
Q

What are the three conditions CEPA has to consider a substance toxic?

A
  1. Have or may have an immediate or long term harmful effect on the environment or its biological diversity
  2. Constitute or may constitute a danger to the environment on which life depends
  3. Constitute or may constitute a danger in Canada to human life or health
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15
Q

How many substances are currently considered toxic according to CEPA?

A

350

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16
Q

What are environment Canada’s criteria for toxic substance?

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A

Persistance-diff for diff media
Bioaccumulation- BAF or BCF greater than or equal to 5000 or logKow greater than or equal to 5
Inherently toxic-LC50 of 1mg/L for acute and NOEC of 0.1 mg/L for chronic

17
Q

What is the purpose of Canada’s Chemicals Management Plan?

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A

to regulate chemicals that are known to be harmful to human health and the environment and to have risk assessment on new and existing chemicals

18
Q

What is the definition of a pesticide?

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A

a substance that is used to kill/control pests

19
Q

What industry is responsible for the greatest use of pesiticide and which class?

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A

Agriculture-herbicide

20
Q

What are the primary routes of exposure of pesticides?

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A

oral, dermal and inhalation

21
Q

What are the sources of exposure?

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A

food, water, air, domestic, bystander, occupational, vector control, medicine

22
Q

What are the possible toxic effects coming from use of pesticides?

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A

acute lethality, chronic, developmental/reproductive, immunotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic

23
Q

What are the four primary MOAs of insectides?

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A

Nerve poison, metabolic/resp inhibitors, stomach poisons or insect specific targets

24
Q

What are the two primary MOAs of herbicides?

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A

growth inhibitors and photosynthesis inhibitors

25
What are the two primary MOAs of fungicides?
growth inhibitors, cytochrome inhibitors
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