Parasitology Lecture > Cestodes II > Flashcards

Cestodes II Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

Hymenolepis spp

A
  • Hymenolepis nana
  • Hymenolepis diminuta
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2
Q

Hymenolepis nana
common name

A

dwarf tapeworm

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3
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta
common name

A

rat tapeworm

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4
Q

H. nana
egg

A

Sub-spherical with oncosphere; with polar filaments; thin egg shell

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5
Q

H. dimunta
egg

A

Spherical; oncosphere is enclosed in inner membrane; no polar filaments

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6
Q

H. nana
scolex

A

With 4 cup-shaped suckers; armed rostellum with 20-30 Y-shaped hooklets

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7
Q

H. dimunta
scolex

A

With 4 cup-shaped suckers; unarmed rostellum

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8
Q

Hymenolepis spp
Mature proglottids

A

With 2 ovoid testes ; 1 ovary

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9
Q

Hymenolepis spp
Gravid proglottids

A

Testes disappear; uterus hallows out ; filled with eggs; broader that long

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10
Q

H. nana
Life cycle

A

direct or indirect / Autoinfection

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11
Q

H. nana
Infective stage

A
  • Direct: embryonated egg ;
  • Indirect : cysticercoid larva
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12
Q

H. nana
Intermediate host (indirect cycle):

A
  • Fleas : Xenopsylla cheopis (rat) ;
    Ctenophalides canis (dog); Pulex irritans (man)
  • Flour beetles
  • cockroaches
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13
Q

H. nana
MOT

A

ingestion

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14
Q

H. nana
portal of entry

A

Mouth

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15
Q

H. nana
habitat

A

Small Intestine

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16
Q

H. nana
Portal of exit

A

Anus

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17
Q

H. nana
Pathology

A
  • Light infection : abdominal discomfort
  • Heavy infection : abdominal pain; nausea; diarrhea; anorexia
    —> due to absorbed metabolic wastes of the parasites and destruction of villi occupied by cysticercoid larva
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18
Q

H. nana
Diagnosis

A
  • Stool examination : for proglottids, ova and scolex

*** FECT for light infection

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19
Q

H. nana
Prevention and Control

A
  • Personal hygiene
  • Environmental sanitation (rodent control)
  • Elimination of IH
  • Food must be properly, stored/protected from contamination
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20
Q

H. nana
Prevention and Control

A
  • Personal hygiene
  • Environmental sanitation (rodent control)
  • Elimination of IH
  • Food must be properly, stored/protected from contamination
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21
Q

H. diminuta
Pathology

A

usually light and asymptomatic; no
autoinfection but with multiple infection

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22
Q

H. dimunta
Diagnosis

A

fecalysis identifying the scolex, proglottids and ova

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23
Q

H. dimunta
Diagnosis

Study These Flashcards
A

fecalysis identifying the scolex, proglottids and ova

24
Q

H. dimunta
Prevention and Control

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A

Rodent control; elimination of the insect intermediate hosts; proper food storage; proper waste disposal

25
Diphyllidium caninum common name
Dog tapeworm ; Double pored tapeworm
26
D. caninum ova
(egg packet) spherical; thin-shelled w/ transparent albuminous covering
27
D. caninum ova
(egg packet) spherical; thin-shelled w/ transparent albuminous covering
28
D. caninum scolex
with 4 cup-shaped suckers; armed w/ 1-7 circles of hooklets
29
D. caninum Mature proglottids
w/ 2 sets of reproductive organs and genital pore on each lateral margin
30
D. caninum Gravid proglottids
pumpkin seed shaped; filled with packets of 8-16 ova each enclosed in embryonic membrane capsules
31
D. caninum Infective stage
cysticercoid
32
D. caninum Intermediate host:
- Fleas : Xenopsylla cheopis (rat) ; Ctenophalides canis (dog); Pulex irritans (man) - Flour beetles - cockroaches
33
D. caninum MOT
ingestion
34
D. caninum Portal of entry
mouth
35
D. caninum Habitat
Small intestine
36
D. caninum Portal of Exit
Anus
37
D. caninum Pathology
- usually asymptomatic - (depends on the intensity of the infection ; reaction of the host to the metabolic wastes of the parasite) - patient may experience pruritus/ urticaria
38
D. caninum Pathology
- usually asymptomatic - (depends on the intensity of the infection ; reaction of the host to the metabolic wastes of the parasite) - patient may experience pruritus/ urticaria
39
D. caninum Diagnosis
recovery of segments (singly/chain) which passed out voluntarily - Ova in stool sample
40
D. caninum P/C
- Periodic deworming of cats and dogs - Insectisides dusting of dogs /cats against fleas - Health education especially to the children
41
Echinococcus granulosus common name
- Hydatid worm - The shortest tapeworm
42
E. granulosus ova
- similar to Taenia - Spherical; straited embryophore; with hexacanth embryo (also known as oncosphere) with 6 hooklets in pair
43
E. granulosus scolex
with 4 cup-shaped suckers; w/ prominent rotellum w/ 2 rows of small and large hooklets
44
E. granulosus Mature proglottid
elongated
45
E. granulosus Gravid proglottid
long
46
E. granulosus Infective stage
egg
47
E. granulosus MOT
ingestion
48
E. granulosus ____ plays as an Intermediate host / a Dead end host
Man
49
E. granulosus Diagnostic stage
Hydatid cyst
50
Echinococcus disease (Hydatid disease)
Egg develops to oncosphere
51
Types of Hydatid cyst
- Unilocular cyst - Osseus - Alveolar or multiocular cyst
52
Alveolar or multiocular cyst
- cause by E. multicularis - found in the liver, lungs and other organs
53
ossues
- hydatid in the bone canals
54
Unilocular cyst
- most common; composed of 2 layers : 1) milky-opaque non-nucleated layer and 2) the inner nucleated germinal where the broad capsules arises and contain scolices (HYDATID SAND) - grows on the liver, lungs and brain
55
E. granulosus Diagnosis
- x-ray (for the growing cyst) ; exploratory cyst puncture - immunologic test (Casoni test – an intradermal test)
56
E. granulosus Treatment, Prevention and Control
- Surgical removal of hydatid cyst (accessible sites) - Periodic deworming of Dogs
57
Echinococcus disease (Hydatid disease)
Egg develops to oncosphere
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