EBP
Evidence-based practice
Research
a diligent systematic inquiry or study that invalidates and refines existing knowledge and develops new knowledge.
EBP Model
Nurse’s clinical expertise + Best research evidence + Patient. circumstances and values = Quality, safe, cost-effective outcomes.
Inductive Reasoning
Moves from specific to the general; particular instances are observed and then combined into a larger whole or a general statement.
Deductive Reasoning
Moves from the general to the specific or from a general premise to a particular situation or conclusion.
Levels of Research Evidence
Level I: Systemic review and meta-analysis
Level II: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) or experimental study
Level III: Quasi-experimental study
Level IV: Mixed-methods systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis
Level V: Descriptive correlational, predictive. correlational, and cohort studies
Level VI: Descriptive study and qualitative study
Level VII: Opinions of expert committees and authorities.
Purposes of Research
- Description (Identifying and understanding)
- Explanation (Clarifying relationships)
- Prediction ( Probability)
- Control (Ability to write a prescription to produce desired results)
History of Nursing Research
- Nursing research began in the 19th century with Florence Nightengale.
- 2000; Healthy People 2010 & Biological Research for Nursing
- 2002; Joint Commission revised policies to support evidence-based care
- 2004; Worldviews on Evidence-based Nursing
- 2010; Healthy People 2020
- 2016; NINR mission statement and strategic plan updated
- 2017; AACN leading initiatives of research
Quantitative Research
- Positivism
- Numbers
- Large sample
- Survey, big data, questionnaires
- Statistical analysis
- Mostly closed questions
- Deductive
- Test theory
Qualitative Research
- Naturalist
- Words
- Small sample
- Interview, focus group
- In-depth analysis
- Open-ended questions
- Inductive
- Develop theory
Roles in Nursing Research
- BSN
- MSN
- DNP
- PhD in Nursing
- Postdoctorate
BSN
Read and critically appraise studies; use best research evidence in practice with guidance; assist with problem identification and data collection
MSN
Critically appraise and synthesize studies to develop and revise protocols, algorithms, and policies for practice. Implement best research evidence in practice; collaborate in research projects and provide clinical expertise for research.
DNP
Participate in evidence-based guideline development; develop, implement, evaluate, and revise as needed protocols, policies, and evidence-based guidelines in practice; conduct clinical studies, usually in collaboration with other nurse researchers
PhD
Major role, such as primary investigator, in conducting research and contributing to the empirical knowledge generated in a selected area of the study; obtain funding for research; coordinate research teams of BSN, MSN, and DNP nurses
Postdoctorate
Implement a funded program of research; lead and/or participate in nursing and interdisciplinary research teams; identified as experts in their areas of research; mentor Ph-D-prepared researchers.
