Ch. 13 GI Pathologies Flashcards by Unknown Unknown

asc/o

sac, saclike

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chalas/o

relaxation (of sphincter)

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emet/o

vomiting

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-emesis

vomiting

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nause/o

nausea, ship, sailor, sailing

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naut/o

nausea, ship, sailor, sailing

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-ptosis

prolapse, downward displacement

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fistul/o

fistula, tube, pipe-like

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syring/o

fistula, short tube, pipe-like

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-syrinx

fistula, short tube, pipe-like

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diverticul/o

diverticulum

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polyp/o

polyp

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-cele

hernia, swelling, tumor

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herni/o

hernia

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cirrh/o

cirrhosis, yellow

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icter/o

jaundice

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volv/o

to roll

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hemorrhoid/o

hemorrhoid, pile

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flat/o

gas in the GI

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ulcer/o

ulcer

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aphth/o

ulcer of the mouth, thrush

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-clysis

washing, lavage

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enem/o

enema (procedure where fluid is injected in rectum to expel its contents)

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cathart/o

evacuation (of the bowels)

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lax/o

loosen, relax

laxat/o

loosen, relax

plic/o

to fold, a fold

plicat/o

to fold, a fold

caus/o

to burn, burnt

caust/o

to burn, burnt

cauter/o

to burn, burnt

ascites

a lot of fluid in the peritoneum

gastroplication

folding the stomach and suturing together

plicotomy

incision into a plica

nausea

unpleasant feeling, feels like you want to throw up; comes from word for sea-sickness

astronaut

sailor of the stars

cosmonaut

sailor of the universe

diverticulum

an abnormal side pocket in the intestines usually related to a lack of dietary fiber

bradypus

slow foot (sloth)

arthropod

jointed foot

gastropod

stomach foot (snail)

pous

foot

pod/o

foot

enterovaginal fistula

fistula between rectum and vagina

syringectomy

removing a fistula

volvulus

twisting or rolling of a bowel on itself, causing obstruction

hiatus

passageway to a continuing structure

foramen

a hole through which nerves and blood vessels pass in bones

meatus

passageway inside to outside of body

stoma

mouth

sanitas

health

emetic

something that causes you to throw up

dyspepsia

The technical term for indigestion; upper GI tract discomfort characterized by symptoms such as eructation, flatulence, nausea, loss of appetite, or upper abdominal pain.

dysphagia

difficulty swallowing (eating)

anorexia

lack of appetite

eructation

term for belching

melena

black tarry feces caused by a bleed higher up in the gastrointestinal tract

steatorrhea

a fatty stool/fecal material

diarrhea

frequent passage of loose, unformed stools

peptic ulcer

ulcer of the digestive tract, typically the stomach

cheilitis

inflammation of the lips

sialoadenitis

inflammation of the salivary gland

gingivitis

inflammation of the gums

oulitis

inflammation of the gums

gastroenteritis

inflammation of the stomach and intestines

enteritis

inflammation of the lowest part of the small intestines

colitis

inflammation of the large intestine

cholecystitis

inflammation of the gallbladder

cholangitis

inflammation of the bile duct

cardiochalasia

relaxation of the cardiac sphincter

achalasia

failure of a sphincter to open

esophageal varices

varicose veins located in the lower part of the esophagus

hernia

protrusion of an anatomical structure, typically an intestine, through the wall that normally contains it

prolapse

the falling or dropping down of an organ or internal part

intussusception

prolapse of an intestine into another part of the intestine just below it

polyp

abnormal growth (tumor) that emanates from a mucus membrane

polypous

comes from the Greek word for an octopus, which literally means 'many feet'

hepatitis

an infectious inflammation of the liver

jaundice

yellow appearance of the skin and sclera

hepatomegaly

the enlargement of the liver

cirrhosis

chronic disease of the liver characterized by pathological changes to the tissue of the liver

cholelithiasis

formation of a gallstone (cholelith)

fistula

a pathological, tube-like passageway that connects to a normal anatomical cavity or tube

hemorrhoid

pathologically swollen vein of the rectal plexus, which is also called a 'pile'

lithotomy

surgical removal of a stone

lithotripsy

the crushing of a stone and the removal of the fragments

cautery

literally means to burn with a searing iron

cathartic

a medication that evacuates/purges the bowels

laxative

a chemical that loosens the bowels, particularly with constipation

enema

introduction of a fluid through the anus into the bowels

clysis

an injection of fluid into the body typically for the purpose of washing/lavage of an internal cavity

pyeloplasty

surgical repair of the renal pelvis

medulla

inner 'soft' part of a kidney

micturition

urination

lithotripsy

use of sound waves or mechanical methods to crush stones that are obstructing the urinary tract

urethrolithotomy

surgical removal of a calculus from the urinary tube running down from the bladder

Ch. 13 GI Pathologies Flashcards

(96 cards)