1
Q
Mechanically altered diet?
A
Modifications in food texture and consistency
2
Q
Why would consistency be altered in food?
A
To help foods go down easier when chewing and swallowing issues are present.
3
Q
Types of mechanically altered diets?
A
- Clear liquid diet: water, broth, gelatin, clear soda,coffee
- Full liquid diet: milk, fruit nectars, yogurt, liq. supplements
- Pureed diet: all foods mixed in blender
- Mechanical soft diet: foods or ground or minced, moist soft texture, very tender meats
4
Q
Reasons for clear, liquid diet?
A
- before procedures
- after GI surgery
- after fasting
- after intravenous feeding
5
Q
Reasons for Full liquid diet?
A
To transition from clear liquids to solid food
6
Q
Reasons for pureed or mechanical soft diet?
A
Differing degrees of chewing/swallowing disorders.
7
Q
Dysphasia-oropharyngeal and esophageal
A
Cause: other medical conditions
Symptoms:
- inability to initiate swallowing
- coughing
- nasal regurgitation
- gargling noise
- hoarse wet voice
Complications:
- malnutrition because of avoidance of eating
- result in aspiration or aspiration pneumonia
Medical management:
- Exercises to improve muscle function
- Medication
- Dilation to stretch passage
- Stent
- Botox at lower esophageal sphincter
Nutritional management:
- Altered food consistencies
- Altered liquid thickness
- Enteral may be necessary
8
Q
GERD (Gastroesophageal reflux desease)
A
Cause:
- back flow of stomach contents
- weakened lower esophageal sphincter
- HCL damaged tissue in esophagus
Symptoms:
- heartburn
- acid indigestion
Complications:
- esophageal ulcers
- narrowing of esophagus from scar tissue
- esophageal cancer
- damae tissues in mouth and other places
Medical management: alleviate symptoms and heal damaged tissue
- proton-pump inhibitors
- Histamin receptor blockers
Dietary management:
- Stay up after eating
- Small meals
- drink between meals
- avoid tight clothes
