ch 2

Question 1

nutrients when taken into the digestive system are

Answer 1

digested, absorbed and utilized

Question 2

nutrients’ 4 general functions

Answer 2

to provide energy for various processes in the body

to serve as structural component

to supply raw materials for synthesis of body substances

to regulate body temperature

Question 3

feed nutrients are determined using analytical methods, the most common is

Answer 3

proximate analysis

Question 4

____ is obtained by difference

Answer 4

nitrogen free extract (NFE)

Question 5

a liquid concentrate feed that contains 25% water

Answer 5

molasses

Question 6

an aquatic plant that has 90% moisture

Answer 6

water hyacinth

Question 7

the animal body itself has how many percent of water

Answer 7

70%

Question 8

it is not a carbohydrate but has close association with the cell wall

Answer 8

lignin

Question 9

aka animal starch, carbohydrate is less than one percent of the dry weight

Answer 9

glycogen

Question 10

classifications of carbohydrates

Answer 10

monosaccharide

disaccharide

polysaccharide

oligosaccharide

mixed polysaccharide

compound or conjoined polysaccharide

Question 11

volatile fatty acids -

Answer 11

formic, acetic, propionic and butyric

Question 12

2 tests in determining fat quality

Answer 12

iodine number

saponification value

Question 13

fats are stored in the body like (3)

Answer 13

adipose, subcutaneous and mesentery

Question 14

essential amino acids are

Answer 14

arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan and valine

Question 15

non essential amino acids are

Answer 15

alanine, aspartic acid, cysteine, cystine, glutamic acid, proline, hydroxyproline, serine, thyroxine, tyrosine, hydroxylysine, asparagine, and glutamine

Question 16

vitamins are used to be known as

Answer 16

unidentified growth factors (UGF)

Question 17

all B vitamins contain nitrogen except

Answer 17

inositol

Question 18

thiamine and biotin contain

Answer 18

sulfur

Question 19

cobalamin contains

Answer 19

cobalt

Question 20

anti sterility vitamin, also a natural antioxidant

Function: Anti-sterility vitamin; natural antioxidant; prevents muscular dystrophy (with selenium).

Answer 20

vitamin E Tocopherol

Question 21

anti neuritic vitamin

Deficiency: General weakness and low appetite, resulting to poor growth. In humans leads to development of beri-beri.

Answer 21

Vitamin B1 Thiamine

Question 22

rice bran for thiamine preparation aka?

Answer 22

tiki-tiki

Question 23

deficiency of this causes dermatitis and slow growth

Function: Functions in several enzyme systems related to protein and energy metabolism.

Answer 23

Vitamin B2 Riboflavin

Question 24

deficiency of this causes dermatitis, retarded growth and pellagra (black tongue disease)

Function: Plays an important role in enzyme systems related to carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism.

Answer 24

Niacin (nicotinamide, niacinamide)

Question 25

deficiency of this causes poor growth, anemia and convulsion Function: Important as a coenzyme in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism.

Answer 25

Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine

Question 26

deficiency of this causes goose stepping gait in pigs Function: Component of coenzyme A needed in various activation reactions in the metabolism of nutrients.

Answer 26

pantothenic acid

Question 27

raw egg contains a substance that causes biotin deficiency characterized by dermatitis and weight loss

Answer 27

avidin

Question 28

vitamin important in transmethylation reactions and fat metabolism in the liver deficiency of this causes slow growth, fatty infiltration of the liver and perosis (slipped tendon) in chicks

Answer 28

Choline

Question 29

deficiency of this causes pernicious anemia Function: Functions as a coenzyme in various biochemical reactions, such as priopionic acid metabolism, and in red blood cell maturation.

Answer 29

Vitamin B12 cobalamin

Question 30

vitamins with no characteristic deficiency symptoms

Answer 30

Inositol Para aminobenzoic acid Molybdenum (rare)

Question 31

anti stress vitamin, involved in hematopoiesis Function: Important in formation and maintenance of collagenous intercellular material; involved in hematopoesis, and in hydroxylation of praline and lysine.

Answer 31

Vitamin C Ascorbic acid

Question 32

99% of this mineral is found in the skeleton and teeth Function: Bone formation, blood clotting, muscle contraction.

Answer 32

calcium

Question 33

mineral that is important in bone formation, 80% is found in the bones and teeth Deficiency: Pica (chewing non-feed materials).

Answer 33

phosphorus

Question 34

-held tightly as bound form -source of phosphorus in plants

Answer 34

phytate phosphorus

Question 35

calcium-phosphorus ratio except in laying birds

Answer 35

between 1:1 and 2:1

Question 36

deficiency of this causes poor growth, weakness and tetany Function: Nerve/muscle excitability, osmotic balance.

Answer 36

potassium

Question 37

-micromineral that combine with proteins such as hemoglobin and transferrin -deficiency of this causes anemia Function: Hemoglobin, cytochrome enzymes.

Answer 37

Iron Fe

Question 38

deficiency of this causes endemic goiter Function: Thyroid hormones (T3/T4).

Answer 38

iodine I

Question 39

deficiency of this causes poor growth, depigmentation of hair and wool , anemia Function: Iron absorption, melanin synthesis.

Answer 39

copper Cu

Question 40

deficiency of this causes perosis (slipped tendon) Function: Enzyme activation, bone development.

Answer 40

manganese M

Question 41

deficiency of this causes emaciation, anemia and unthriftiness Function: Vitamin B12 synthesis (ruminants).

Answer 41

cobalt

Question 42

deficiency of this causes parakeratosis, scabs etc Function: Skin health, enzyme component.

Answer 42

zinc Zn

Question 43

deficiency of this causes myopathy (muscular dystrophy) in mammals and diathesis in poultry Function: Antioxidant (with Vitamin E).

Answer 43

selenium Se

Question 44

ammonia is converted into its less toxic form

Answer 44

urea