Ch. 23: Sentence Syntax

Question 1

What are the two most common ways of indicating indirect objects in Hebrew?

Answer 1

אֶל־

לְ

Question 2

23.6 What are the three main syntactical constructions of the Perfect? And translation?

Answer 2

1. Regular Perfect: typically not first in clause
2. Consecutive Perfect: translate as an Imperfect
3. Imperative-Consecutive Perfect sequence: translate as imperative

Question 3

23.7 What are the four main syntactical constructions of the Imperfect? And translation?

Answer 3

1. Regular Imperfect: typically not first in clause
2. Consecutive Imperfect: translate as an Perfect
3. Volitional (i.e. Cohortative and Jussive); normally first
4. Imperative-conjunction-Imperfect sequence: translate as purpose/result

Question 4

23.11 What is the name when an Imperfect in the first person, singular and plural appear first in a clause and convey a volitional idea?

Answer 4

Cohortative

Question 5

23.11.1 What is the name when an Imperfect in the third person, singular and plural appear first in a clause and convey a volitional idea?

Answer 5

Jussive

Question 6

23.11 What does the 1st person Cohortative get approximately 60% of the time?

Answer 6

1. Qamets Hey
   (אֶקְטְלָה / נִקְטְלָה)
   [reminder: the consecutive Imperative gets the Qamets Hey 104x and the Imperative 2ms 309x

Question 7

23.11.2 What often happens to 3-ה volitional verbs?

Answer 7

1. They lose the Seghol Hey
   יִבְנֶה
   יִ֫בֶן

Question 8

23.11.2 What often happens to Bicon volitional verbs?

Answer 8

1. They lose the medial vowel letter
   יָקוּם
   יָ֫קָם

Question 9

23.8.1 What can function as a subject/predicate in Hebrew

Answer 9

noun, adjective, independent personal pronoun, demonstrative pronoun, interrogative pronoun, prepositional phrase, participle

Question 10

23.8.2 In a verbless clause what does it mean when the order is subject-predicate? What is definite and indefinite?

Answer 10

1. clause of identification
2. indicates “who” or “what” is the subject
3. subject and predicate are both definite
   זֹאת הַבְּרִית
   This is the covenant

Question 11

23.8.2 In a verbless clause what does it mean when the order is predicate-subject? What is definite and indefinite?

Answer 11

1. clause of classification
2. indicates the general class to which the subject belongs
3. subject is definite; predicate is indefinite
   גָּדוֹל כְּבוֹדוֹ
   His glory is great

Question 12

23.8.3 In a verbless clause what does it mean when a third person independent personal pronoun is present?

Answer 12

1. often an indicator of predication
2. If it is awkward, the pronoun is often not translated
   אַתָּה־הוּא מַלְכִּי אֱלֹהִים
   You are my king, O God